Quintus Caecilius Metellus conquers the Balearic Islands for Rome, for which he earns the cognomen "Balearicus."
Cincius, an antiquarian writer probably in the time of Augustus, whose praenomen and cognomen are unrecorded but who is sometimes identified erroneously with Lucius Cincius Alimentus
Jackman cites Berthold of Ham (d. 1101), advocate of Prüm and documented with the Vianden cognomen, as a probable scion of this family and founder of the House of Vianden, a Sponheim branch.
The Nordic Bronze Age barrow gave its name to the location Håga ("the barrow") and is probably the source of the cognomen of the king, at Haugi ("at the barrow").
Roman clan name, a common element of Latin names, usually the second name following the praenomen and before the cognomen
This discovery, and especially Regallianus' existence, attracted the attention of scientists, as in the prosopography of the whole Roman Empire, the only occurrence of the cognomen "Regal(l)ianus" is that of a usurper who revolted against the emperor Gallienus (256 -268), Regalianus.
The cognomen of this legion came from Herculius, the attribute of Maximian (Diocletian's colleague) meaning "similar to Hercules".
The cognomen of the legion refers to Hercules, to whom Diocletian's colleague, Maximian (also known as Herculius, "the man like Hercules"), was devoted and identified.
Her name reveals that she was related to the gens, Licinia, gens Volusia, the Patrician gens Cornelia and her cognomen Torquata shows she may had some relations to the gens, Junia.
The name was chosen because "Lucifer, the ancient name of the Morning Star, now called Venus, seems to us unsurpassed as a cognomen for a journal whose mission is to bring light to the dwellers in darkness."
The Roman cognomen "Burrus" is the Latin version of the name Pyrrhus, king of Epirus.
Its name comes from a misidentification of the two reliefs of the god Attis, who for years were identified as those of Scipio brothers.
Vöggr or Wigg, man in Scandinavian legend notable for giving Hrólfr Kraki (Hroðulf in Beowulf) his cognomen kraki, and for avenging his death