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In particular, his scientific liaison with the Scottish geologist Roderick Murchison (1792-1871) made him a contributor to the discovery of the Silurian system, and the first systematic description of sedimentary rocks and their index fossils.
This is the type species, and is an important index fossil in the continental Devonian sequence of northern Scotland deposited in the Orcadian Basin.
It was characterised by ubiquitous plant genera such as the index fossil Archaeopteris, which has also been collected from Waterloo Farm.