X-Nico

unusual facts about likelihood


Quasi-likelihood

Quasi-likelihood has no role in Bayesian statistics, as this is based on a fully specified probability model for the data.


2013 German Grand Prix

The new tyres replaced the steel belts used in the rear wheels with Kevlar in order to lower the operating termperature by up to 10 °C (18 °F) and reduce the likelihood of explosive punctures.

Aeon Zen

This signing, and subsequent likelihood of an album release, helped in the conscription of the necessary guest vocalists such as Nils K. Rue of Pagan's Mind and Andi Kravljaca of Silent Call (ex Seventh Wonder), among others.

Availability, salience and vividness

:Salience refers to the likelihood that something will appear causal, in attribution theory.

Baruch Plan

Bertrand Russell urged control of nuclear weapons in the 'forties and early 'fifties to avoid the likelihood of a general nuclear war, and felt hopeful when the Baruch Proposal was made.

Boodie

This mixing also increased water absorption into the soil and reduced the combustible material under trees, decreasing the likelihood of fire.

Charles Dudley Rhodes

Later in 1911 Rhodes and Paul Y. Malone took part in a confidential mission, traveling to Mexico disguised as journalists to assess the likelihood that Francisco I. Madero could remain in power if he won the presidency in the 1912 election.

Clumsy

Accident-proneness, the likelihood that certain people suffer accidents

Cyclic succession

Based on the Markov chain, the matrix describes the likelihood of future states based on the milieu of present states.

Determining the number of clusters in a data set

Another set of methods for determining the number of clusters are information criteria, such as the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), or the Deviance information criterion (DIC) — if it is possible to make a likelihood function for the clustering model.

Effects of advertising on teen body image

Likewise, a study by Stice et al. in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology concluded that there is a direct relationship between the amount of media exposure that a young woman has and the likelihood that she will develop eating disorder symptoms.

Evan Siemann

The focus of his research has been investigating how local environmental factors (e.g. enemies, resources, disturbance regime and recruitment limitation) interact with post-invasion adaptation to determine the likelihood and severity of Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) invasions into East Texas coastal prairie, mesic forests, and floodplain forests.

Grand strategy

In the piece, Barry Posen classified himself as a "selective engagement" advocate, with the caveat that the United States should not only act to reduce the likelihood of great power war, but also oppose the rise of a Eurasian hegemon capable of threatening the United States.

Gravitational keyhole

Secondary gravitational keyholes are searched for by importance sampling: Virtual asteroid trajectories (or rather their ‘initial’ values at the time of the first encounter) are sampled according to their likelihood given the observations of the asteroid.

Guinean legislative election, 2013

Following the replacement of Kouyaté by Ahmed Tidiane Souaré in May 2008, the International Crisis Group released a report on 23 June 2008 expressing doubt about the likelihood of the election being held before the end of 2008.

Gumption trap

The "trap" portion of the term refers to the negative feedback loop that the event or mindset creates: That the reduction in the person's enthusiasm and initiative decreases both the person's likelihood of success in that project and the degree of success likely (thus doubly affecting the expected outcome of the person's efforts).

Hard determinism

Some physicists challenge the likelihood of determinism on the grounds that certain interpretations of quantum mechanics stipulate that the universe is fundamentally indeterministic, such as the Copenhagen interpretation; whereas other interpretations are deterministic, for example, the De Broglie-Bohm Theory and the many-worlds interpretation.

HMMER

Further gains in performance are due to a log-likelihood model that requires no calibration for estimating E-values, and allows the more accurate forward scores to be used for computing the significance of a homologous sequence.

John Nielsen-Gammon

On December 22, 2009, Nielsen-Gammon wrote a detailed analysis of the erroneous projected date of melting of Himalayan glaciers in the Working Group II section of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report which said that "the likelihood of them disappearing by the year 2035 and perhaps sooner is very high if the Earth keeps warming at the current rate."

Jungnangcheon

Despite the likelihood that the water is not clean, many people fish in the river downstream from Uijeongbu.

Likelihood principle

More recently the likelihood principle as a general principle of inference has been championed by A. W. F. Edwards.

The law of likelihood was identified by that name by I. Hacking (1965).

MPC-MLQ

MPC-MLQ Multipulse LPC with Maximum Likelihood Quantization is a speech coding algorithm used in G.723.1 speech coding standard working at bit rate of 6.3 kbit/s.

North Frisian Barrier Island

Numerical simulations by the University of Kiel have shown the likelihood of a merger between Japsand and Norderoogsand until 2050.

NuvaRing

A study by Danish researcher Dr. Øjvind Lidegaard in 2012 with 1.6 million women found a 6.5 times increase in the likelihood of venous thromboembolism when compared to users of non-hormonal based birth control.

Playboy Enterprises, Inc. v. Welles

The Plaintiff was relying on the decision in Brookfield Communications, Inc. v. West Coast Entertainment Corp., to support the contention that the Defendant’s use of Playboy trademark in her web site infringes on its trademark by causing likelihood of confusion shown on the basis of initial interest confusion.

Proportional hazards model

Using this score function and Hessian matrix, the partial likelihood can be maximized using the Newton-Raphson algorithm.

Pseudolikelihood

One use of the pseudolikelihood measure is as an approximation for inference about a Markov or Bayesian network, as the pseudolikelihood of an assignment to X i may often be computed more efficiently than the likelihood, particularly when the latter may require marginalization over a large number of variables.

Ralph E. Quattrociocchi

Quattrociocchi's accomplishments include securing state funding to extend New York State Route 531 to Ogden, New York, forming a senate task force on teen stress, and instituting "Operation Watch" to reduce the likelihood of mishaps at railroad crossing signals.

Safety package

A safety package is a set of functional features of a vehicle that are intended to reduce the likelihood of a crash or enhance survivability or injury reduction.

Sant'Agata dei Goti

The Greek humanist John Lascaris (died 1535) is interred in the church and in all likelihood the heart of Daniel O'Connell, the 'Liberator' (died Genoa 1847), is buried in the vault.

September 11 intelligence before the attacks

In July 2001, J. Cofer Black, CIA's couterterrorism chief and George Tenet, CIA's director, met with Condoleezza Rice, the National Security Advisor, to inform her about communications intercepts and other top-secret intelligence showing the increasing likelihood that al-Qaeda would soon attack the United States.

Spirited

However, with Claudia Karvan now being cast in a Puberty Blues reboot, the likelihood of a third series is slim.

Vasco Calvo

China scholar Jonathan Spence says there is no evidence—nor much likelihood—of any mixed Sino-Euro family until much closer to the end of the 16th century.

Victims of Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon Memorial

After the 2001 terrorist attack on the Pentagon, Arlington National Cemetery Superintendent John C. Metzler, Jr. realized that there was a strong likelihood that many of the victims might not have their remains identified, while other remains might be commingled.

Wald test

The other reason is that the Wald test uses two approximations (that we know the standard error, and that the distribution is chi-squared), whereas the likelihood ratio test uses one approximation (that the distribution is chi-squared).

William Attersoll

In all likelihood the former was the William Attersoll of Calamy, whose name is simply entered under 'Hoadley (East), Sussex,' as among the ejected of 1662, and so, too, in Samuel Palmer's Nonconformist's Memorial (iii. 320).


see also