It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane, leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.
This energy is used to synthesize ATP when the protons flow across the membrane (down their concentration gradient) through the ATP synthase enzyme; this is known as chemiosmosis.
These complexes are involved in electron transport, pumping of protons to the create a PMF.
The protons can then serve two functions, namely to protonate basic groups of the collagen and neutralize solution alkali chemicals.
Nuclear drip line, the lines beyond which protons or neutrons leak out of nuclei
The Coulomb interaction between two protons is a special problem, in that its expansion in separable potentials does not converge, but this is handled by matching the Faddeev solutions to long range coulomb solutions, instead of to plane waves.
On Pioneer 11, one Geiger-Müller tube was replaced by a thin silicon wafer to detect protons in the specific energy range 0.61 to 3.41 MeV.
Even at a very young age he followed news in the world of physics and was very excited when in 1942 he learned about the Alikhanian brothers’ expedition to Mount Aragats (Armenia) in order to search for protons in cosmic rays.
In a p-process protons are added to stable or weakly radioactive atomic nuclei.
This would otherwise not occur as protons have positive charge and hydrophilic properties, making them unable to cross without a channel or transporter.
Motion in a solid is extremely complicated: Each electron and proton gets pushed and pulled (by Coulomb's law) by all the other electrons and protons in the solid (which may themselves be in motion).
For intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), this process involves selecting the appropriate beam energy (photons, and perhaps protons), energy (e.g. 6 MV, 18 MV) and arrangements.
Nuclear shell model, how protons and neutrons are arranged in an atom nucleus