Binnig, Quate and Gerber invented the first atomic force microscope (also abbreviated as AFM) in 1986.
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is commonly used to directly measure the magnitude of depletion forces.
Atomic force microscopy experimentation on potato PSI expressed separately from its parent AP has revealed that anionic phospholipid membranes are rearranged by PSI in a similar fashion to that observed with saposin C.
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The 2001 recipient of the Hughes Medal of the Royal Society of London, Pethica is most noted for his work on the development of atom resolution atomic force microscopy.
The porosome was discovered in the early to mid-1990s by a team led by Professor Bhanu Pratap Jena at Yale University School of Medicine, using atomic force microscopy.