Today the term "Austrian Southern Railway" is sometimes also applied today to the railway line from Bruck an der Mur via Klagenfurt and Villach to Italy (Tarvisio), but that is historically incorrect.
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Construction began in 1839 and the first section between Vienna and Gloggnitz was completed by the private Wien-Gloggnitzer Eisenbahn Gesellschaft in 1842.
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Following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, Rijeka gained greater importance as the sole Hungarian seaport, and in the second half of the 19th century a new artificial harbor was completed, as well as railway lines to Budapest via Zagreb and to Pivka in present-day Slovenia, where the railway joined the Austrian Southern Railway connecting Vienna and Trieste.
In modern times, the gap was crossed by the Austrian Southern Railway (Südbahn), the railway that was built between 1839 and 1857 to connect Vienna via Ljubljana to Trieste.
From 1854 on the development of the area was decisively promoted by the opening of the Semmering railway line with a train station in neighbouring Payerbach, part of the Austrian Southern Railway (Südbahn) from the Vienna Südbahnhof to Trieste.