It has also been accused by NGOs and governments of being one of the main instruments of underground economy and organized crime, in particular following the class action suit against the Vatican Bank in the 1990s, the Clearstream scandal and the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
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One of them, the Bahrain International Bank, had funds transiting through non-published accounts of Clearstream, which has been qualified as a "bank of banks" and was involved in one of Luxembourg's major financial scandals.
The second Clearstream affair is an episode of the enquiry regarding the selling of Lafayette class frigates to Taiwan by Thomson, then directed by Alain Gomez.
The Canard enchaîné of May 10, 2006 says he gave on 3 May 2004 to judge Renaud Van Ruymbeke the letter of Jean-Louis Gergorin speaking of a major international plot against EADS and of his actors detaining accounts in Luxembourg bank called Clearstream credited with illegal money.
Robert is best known as co-author of "Révélation$", a book published by Les Arènes on 1 March 2001, which accused Cedel, later Clearstream, of a number of illegal financial activities, such as aiding and abetting money laundering, tax evasion et cetera.
9 May 2001 op-ed in Le Monde, signed with Renaud van Ruymbeke, Bernard Bertossa and other European magistrates or attorneys-general, titled "The black boxes of financial globalization", about the Clearstream scandal (Clearstream has been qualified as a "bank of banks" and accused of being a major platform of global money laundering and tax evasion)
Three years after his death in 1998, Leir was featured prominently in the book Révélation$ (2001) by the investigative reporter Denis Robert and Ernest Backes, a former executive with the Luxembourg clearing bank Clearstream.
Lucy Komisar, investigative journalist who wrote on Gladio (Italian branch of NATO "stay-behind" secret paramilitary organizations, which has been involved in terrorist "false flags" operations, starting with the 1969 Piazza Fontana bombing) and also on Clearstream scandal, one of the biggest financial scandals ever
In the Clearstream affair 2, his name has been cited in the meeting of the 9 janvier 2004 between Dominique de Villepin, Philippe Rondot and Jean-Louis Gergorin in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
The free daily underlines that "in 2001, it was Bolkestein himself that announced the Commission's refusal to open up a parliamentary investigation on Clearstream", following Harlem Désir's requests and accusations that Menatep had an "undeclared account" at Clearstream.
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In May 2005, he also asked the European Commission to create an investigation, after learning that Frits Bolkestein (famous for the Directive on services in the internal market) was a member of the Russian Bank Menatep's international consultative council (owned by Mikhail Khodorkovsky) and that he had worked for the Shell British-Dutch petrol company, two firms "detaining secret accounts in Clearstream".