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Confusion as to the meaning (suggesting that such a meaning should be singular and exact) of ecosophy is primarily the consequence of it being used to designate different and often contradictory (though conceptually related) concepts by the Norwegian father of deep ecology, Arne Næss, and French post-Marxist philosopher and psychoanalyst Félix Guattari.
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While a professor at University of Oslo in 1972, Arne Næss, introduced the terms "deep ecology movement" and "ecosophy" into environmental literature.
Championing the Experiential Deep Ecological approach of John Seed and Joanna Macy by 1990 the Foundation adopted the intention "to lovingly empower ourselves and others to know oneness with Gaia, the living Earth, through taking couraggeous and joyous action, now".
Her work, originally called "Despair and Empowerment Work" was acknowledged as being part of the deep ecology tradition after she encountered the work of Arne Naess and John Seed, but as a result of disillusion with academic disputes in the field, she now calls it "the Work that Reconnects".
Arne Næss (1912–2009), philosopher, mountaineer, and founder of deep ecology
As deep ecologist John Seed has stated, "Deep ecology critiques the idea that we are the crown of creation, the measure of all being: that the world is a pyramid with humanity rightly on top, merely a resource, and that nature has instrumental value only".
In 1984, George Sessions and Arne Naess articulated the principles of the new Deep Ecology Movement.
Joanna Macy, John Seed, and others developed Naess' thesis into a branch they called experiential deep ecology.