Battle of Alcântara (1580) - Battle between Spanish invaders, led by the Duke of Alba during the Portuguese dynastic crisis of the 16th century.
It is especially known for the Treaty of Cave, signed on September 12, 1557 by plenipotentiaries of Pope Paul IV and Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, the Spanish viceroy of Naples.
In 1567 Serbelloni followed the Spanish armies into Belgium under the Duke of Alva during the repression of the Flemish revolt, being appointed twice as governor of Antwerp.
In 1547 it was again occupied by the Duke of Alba in a war against Pope Paul IV, and in 1744 by the Austrians.
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In 1568, William I of Orange, stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht, and other noblemen dissatisfied with the Spanish rule in the Netherlands, the Geuzen, were determined to expel Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, and his Spanish troops from the country.
In 1572 he raised the Geuzen siege of Goes, and was later appointed Stadhouder of Zeeland by the Duke of Alba.
From inside prison he also made connections to several prominent persons, all the way up to the governor of Habsburg Netherlands and Duke of Alba, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo.
Esther de Berdt was born in London, England, into a family descended of Protestant refugees from Ypres, who had fled the "Spanish Fury" led by the Duke of Alba.
His remains were transferred to Alba de Tormes, where he was buried in the convent of San Leonardo.
Another regal grandparent is the French countess Félicité Perpétue Catherine de Paul de Lamanon d'Albe, ("Albe" is the French vernacular of Alba, a region in Spain), whose regal ancestry can be traced back to the foundations of Rome; and who descends from the Duke of Alba Fernando Álvarez de Toledo d'Albe.
Born to Protestant parents in Flanders and a fervent counter-remonstrant, Baudartius left the Netherlands on the arrival of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo and landed in England at Sandwich.