Prior to his surrender, he was the governor-general of northeastern Zhili and Liaodong.
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Hong Chengchou's 130,000 elite troops, sent to break the siege of Jinzhou, were crushed by the Eight banner armies of the Qing Dynasty at Songshan.
Yuan Chonghuan and Hong Chengchou are both capable military leaders appointed by Chongzhen to counter the Manchu invaders, but they meet with different fates — Yuan is executed by slow slicing for treason after Chongzhen believes false accusations that Yuan is plotting against him; Hong is forced to surrender to the Manchus after his defeat at the Battle of Songjin, and he aids the Qing forces on their campaign against the Southern Ming Dynasty later.