Contrasting the abovementioned two Bergish groups, Ripuarian Bergish languages belong to the Middle German group, and thus are High German varieties, together with e.g. Austro-Bavarian, and Swiss German, among many others.
In the German linguistics the Benrath line (or Benrather-Linie) is the borderline between the Low German and Middle German dialects, although on both side of the line there is a Rhenish dialect.
Central German (Mitteldeutsch), the general term for dialects in Central Germany - the northernmost High German dialects.
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Middle Low German (Mittelniederdeutsch), the northern dialects in the 11th-15th centuries
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Middle High German (Mittelhochdeutsch), the southern dialects in the same period
The date of the composition of the treatises is determined by these borrowings and quotations; they are written in Middle German with some traces of the Bavarian dialect.
Befulci is a term, cognate with the word fulcfree found in the Edict of Rothari, signifying "entrusted to guard", from the Old German root felhan, falh, fulgum and Middle German bevelhen.
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The name of the river Spree was recorded by Thietmar of Merseburg as Sprewa (Middle German sprejen, sprewen, High German sprühen meaning to spray water).