The first and second floors house the Galleria Nazionale (National Gallery), with paintings from the 13th to the 18th centuries including major works by Simone Martini, Raphael, Titian, Caravaggio, Masaccio, Lorenzo Lotto, Giovanni Bellini, Giorgio Vasari, El Greco, Jacob Philipp Hackert and many others.
In her 1967 book (published in English in 1985) Angela Ottino della Chiesa cites four paintings derived to some degree from The Virgin of the Rocks: the Holy Family and St. John by Bernardino Luini in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, the Thuelin Madonna by Marco d'Oggiono in the Thuelin collection in Paris and the Holy Infants Embracing by Joos van Cleve in the Capodimonte Museum in Naples.
Museo del Prado | Museo de Arte Moderno | Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía | El Museo del Barrio | Capodimonte | Museo Rufino Tamayo | Museo Naval de Madrid | Museo de Bellas Artes | Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Monterrey | Museo Lamborghini | Museo Juan Manuel Fangio | Museo Egizio | Museo di Capodimonte | Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (Santiago, Chile) | Museo de Arte Contemporáneo | Museo de Arte Contemporaneo | Museo Correr | Tools used to obtain agave's ixtle fibers, at the Museo de Arte Popular, Mexico City | Strozzi's ''Incrédulo Tomás'' at Museo de Arte de Ponce | ''Pietà'', now at the Museo Correr | Museo Soumaya | Museo Regional de Arqueología de la Democracia, Escuintla | Museo Regional de Arqueología de la Democracia | Museo Nazionale d'Abruzzo | Museo Nacional de las Intervenciones | Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología | Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia | Museo Histórico Municipal de San Fernando | Museo Ferrari | Museo di storia naturale e del territorio dell'Università di Pisa |