Opuntia | Primula vulgaris | Phaseolus vulgaris | Hydrocotyle vulgaris | Senecio vulgaris | Syringa vulgaris | Polygala vulgaris | opuntia | Carlina vulgaris | Artemisia vulgaris | Opuntia stricta | Berberis vulgaris | Acne vulgaris | Pulsatilla vulgaris | Proteus vulgaris | Opuntia ficus-indica | Lysimachia vulgaris | Alchemilla vulgaris | Sprig of ''Artemisia vulgaris | Prunella vulgaris | Plant of ''Carlina vulgaris | Opuntia robusta | Opuntia polyacantha | Opuntia phaeacantha | Opuntia leucotricha | Opuntia fragilis | Nitrobacter vulgaris | Jacobaea vulgaris | Hippuris vulgaris | Golfingia vulgaris |
Coevolutionary relationships have also been directly exploited, for example for the control of the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia vulgaris) through the use of the cactus moth (Cactoblastis sp.).