The original bridge was probably built by the monks of Osney Abbey, to carry the main road across the millstream of Osney Mill west from the island then known as Osney.
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Between Botley and Oxford there are a number of road bridges crossing various branches of the Thames, including Botley Bridge over Seacourt Stream and Osney Bridge over the main branch of the Thames, also on Botley Road, and Hythe Bridge over the Castle Mill Stream, next to the end of the Oxford Canal.
The river passes a former electricity generating station and is crossed by Osney Bridge near Oxford railway station.