Arica y Parinacota Region was created on October 8, 2007 under Law 20.175, promulgated on March 23, 2007 by President Michelle Bachelet in the city of Arica.
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The law divided the former Tarapacá Region into two: the northern portion became the XV Arica y Parinacota Region, and the southern portion remained the I Tarapacá Region.
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The provincial government is led by governor Enrique Gaspar Ramos, who was appointed by president Sebastián Piñera.
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It is the second least populated province in the country after Antártica Chilena and fifth most sparsely populated province.
Visviri is a Chilean hamlet at the northern end of the country and the capital of the General Lagos commune in Parinacota Province, Arica and Parinacota Region.
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From its source in the Parinacota Province, the river flows north, is part of the Chile-Bolivia boundary and then flows in the Bolivian Province of Oruro.