Almalyk, Almalıq, Almalik, or Almaliq is a Turkic adjective form of "apple".
"Old Turkic Loan Words in Hungarian: Overview and Samples." (2002) (Journal Article in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae)
Aşağı means "lower" in Turkic languages.
According to Ancho Kaloyanov, the name of the village is derived from Greek άγιος (agios, "Saint") and the shortening of the personal name Demetrius, i.e. "Saint Demetrius", both through Turkic.
"Caran d'Ache" comes from the Russian word karandash (карандаш), meaning pencil (of Turkic origin; "karadash" meaning black stone — used for writing on a "karatash" meaning black slate).
The name Beshbalik first appears in history in the description of the events of 713 in the Turkic Kul Tegin inscription.
In 1997, he became the winner of the International Prize for the Turkic speaking writers and culture workers and he received the prize from Suleiman Demirel, the Turkish President at that time.
Along his military career, he was also deeply interested in history, Russian literature and Turkic languages.
Yukarı, also spelled Yuxarı, means "upper" in Turkic languages.
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John C. Street (1962) proposed linking Ainu, Korean, and Japanese in one family and Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic in another, with the two families linked in a common "North Asiatic" family.
The Turkic and Mongolic families also have several European members, while the North Caucasian and Kartvelian families are important in the southeastern extremity of geographical Europe.
In the eighth and ninth centuries, the south branches of East Slavic tribes had to pay tribute to the Khazars, a Turkic-speaking people who adopted Judaism in the late eighth or ninth century and lived in the southern Volga and Caucasus regions.
The population is almost totally made up of ethnic Talish/Talysh—an Iranian-speaking people whose Sunni Islamic religion distinguish them from the surrounding Turkic-speaking Shia Azeris (in all sides but the south) and the similarly Iranian-speaking, but Shia Muslim Gilanis /Gilaks to their south.
Fluent in English, Persian/Tajik and several Turkic languages, Bashiri has been able to study and translate works otherwise inaccessible to the mostly Russian-speaking Central Asian studies community.
The Karapapak (Qarapapaq, Terekeme, Tərəkəmə) (meaning Black Hat) are a Turkic-speaking sub-ethnic group of Azerbaijanis who mainly live in Azerbaijan, in Georgia, in the northeast of Turkey near the border with Georgia and Armenia, primarily in the provinces of Ardahan (around Lake Çıldır), Kars and Iğdır, and in Iran.
When members of the Armenian diaspora moved from the Crimean peninsula to the Polish-Ukrainian borderland in the end of the 13th century, they brought Kipchak, their adopted Turkic language with them.
Some local historians explain this with reference to the frequent attacks of the Crimean Khanate on Moscow in the 15th and 16th centuries, linked with the fact that a large number of Arabic loan words had entered the Turkic languages, including Tatar by this point.
The name Sari-su means yellow water in Turkic languages, but is applied to a number of other rivers as well.
The Karakhanid Uigur language was adapted for a cycle of works in Khorezm, where it was enriched by Oguz and Kipchak elements and turned into one of the medieval Türkic languages.
Yaylak, the name given to summer highland pastures in Turkic languages