Byzantine Empire - the conventional term of reference for the continuation of the Roman Empire in the east after the fall of the western half.
In: Josef Wiesehöfer et al. (eds.), Monumentum et instrumentum inscriptum.
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On the other, the preservation of Roman republican culture and "virtues" was a paramount goal for Octavian, so it is ironic that his restoration of monarchy led to their complete corruption and decay and ultimately that of Latin culture in the West (Sack of Rome).
The terms "Eastern" and "Western" in this regard originated with divisions in the Church mirroring the cultural divide between the Hellenistic east and Latinate west and the political divide between the weak Western and strong Eastern Roman empires.
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This final schism reflected a larger cultural and political division which had developed in Europe and southwest Asia during the Middle Ages and coincided with Western Europe's re-emergence from the collapse of the Western Roman Empire.
The first of the eight books is a general picture of the history of Europe from the fall of the Western Roman Empire to 1215; the second book actually begins to discuss the history of Florence, with the narration of the feud between Buondelmenti/Donati and Uberti/Amidei, that according to tradition corroborated by Dante would unchain the conflict between Guelphs and Ghibellines in the city.
Vegetius composed his treatise on the Roman Empire's military, De Re Militari, at some point between 378 and 390 CE during the reign of Valentinian II in the Western Roman Empire.
Litorius (died 439) was a Roman general of the closing period of the Western Roman Empire serving mainly in Gaul under magister militum Flavius Aetius.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Lombard conquest of northern Italy, it was the seat of a county, later, after Charlemagne's conquest, ruled by Frank feudataries.
The defeat of the Western Roman Empire by the Goths in the fifth century gave way to Byzantine and Lombard influence in the late fifth to mid eighth centuries.
During and after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the castle was the major stronghold of the area as it guarded the connections between Feltre and Ceneda.
Glycerius, emperor of the Western Roman Empire (approximate date)
Olympius orchestrated the fall and execution of the capable general Stilicho, who had effectively been ruling the Western Roman Empire as regent of Honorius for over twelve years.