His work in color theory was influenced by that of Albert Henry Munsell, and in turn influenced Paul Klee and members of De Stijl, including Piet Mondrian.
Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Wilhelm II | Wilhelm Reich | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | Wilhelm Keitel | Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling | Wilhelm Furtwängler | Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel | Wilhelm Wundt | Wilhelm Sasnal | Wilhelm Kempff | Wilhelm Busch | Wilhelm Westphal | Wilhelm von Knyphausen | Wilhelm von Bode | Wilhelm Steinitz | Wilhelm Schlenk | Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher | Wilhelm Gesenius | Wilhelm Canaris | Prince Wilhelm of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld | Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bülow | Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn | Carl Wilhelm Siemens | Wilhelm von Tegetthoff | Wilhelm von Schütz | Wilhelm von Humboldt | Wilhelm Solheim | Wilhelm Schüchter |
Lenin's most important philosophical rival was Alexander Bogdanov (1873-1928), who tried to synthesize Marxism with the philosophies of Ernst Mach, Wilhelm Ostwald, and Richard Avenarius (which were violently criticized in Materialism and Empiriocriticism).
Wilhelm Ostwald, one of the leaders of the anti-atom school, later told Arnold Sommerfeld that he had been converted to a belief in atoms by Einstein's complete explanation of Brownian motion.