X-Nico

6 unusual facts about binary


Binary-coded decimal

Fixed-point decimal numbers are supported by some programming languages (such as COBOL and PL/I).

Denser packings of BCD exist which avoid the storage penalty and also need no arithmetic operations for common conversions.

Some languages (such as COBOL and PL/I) directly support fixed-point zoned decimal values, assigning an implicit decimal point at some location between the decimal digits of a number.

Packed BCD is supported in the COBOL programming language as the "COMPUTATIONAL-3" (an IBM extension adopted by many other compiler vendors) or "PACKED-DECIMAL" (part of the 1985 COBOL standard) data type.

In the 1972 case Gottschalk v. Benson, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned a lower court decision which had allowed a patent for converting BCD encoded numbers to binary on a computer.

Gordon Eubanks

Other people say the name CBASIC referred to "commercial" basic, because it incorporated BCD math which eliminated MBASIC's rounding errors that were sometimes troublesome for accounting.


70 Ophiuchi

In 1855, Capt. W. S. Jacob of the Madras Observatory of the East India Company claimed that the orbit of the binary showed an anomaly, and it was "highly probable" that there was a "planetary body in connection with this system".

762 Pulcova

In the year 2000, Merline estimated Pulcova to have a density of 1.8 g/cm³, which would make it more dense than the binary asteroids 45 Eugenia and 90 Antiope.

Acanti

Carol Danvers (formerly Ms. Marvel) became linked with a white hole and transformed into Binary.

Alberto Conti

He received his laurea degree in physics from the University of Trieste, Italy, with a thesis titled “Binary Galaxies in the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) Redshift Survey.”

BINAC

BINAC, the Binary Automatic Computer, was an early electronic computer designed for Northrop Aircraft Company by the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1949.

Binary blob

In the Linux kernel development community, Linus Torvalds has made strong statements on the issue of binary-only modules, asserting: "I refuse to even consider tying my hands over some binary-only module", and continuing: "I want people to know that when they use binary-only modules, it's THEIR problem".

Binary economics

According to theories first proposed by Louis Kelso, widespread use of central bank issued interest-free loans to fund employee-owned firms can finance economic growth whilst widening stock ownership in a way which binary economists believe will be non-inflationary.

Binary object

They have three steps is binary object that they work and they are: upload of binary object, metadata definition or import and data import data.

Binary protocol

Binary protocol, or binary collaboration have been used in the terminology of standards such as EbXML and EDOC.

Binary Research

Binary Research Ltd was a company founded in Auckland, New Zealand by Murray Haszard in 1991 after the sale of his previous company, B32 Software.

Binary search algorithm

Microsoft's .NET Framework 2.0 offers static generic versions of the binary search algorithm in its collection base classes.

Binary space partitioning

While binary space partitioning provides a convenient way to store and retrieve spatial information about polygons in a scene, it does not solve the problem of visible surface determination.

Binary translation

HP ARIES (Automatic Re-translation and Integrated Environment Simulation) is a dynamic binary translation system that combines fast code interpretation with two phase dynamic translation to transparently and accurately execute HP 9000 HP-UX applications on HP-UX 11i for HP Integrity servers.

Caral

Gary Urton has suggested that the quipus used a binary system which could record phonological or logographic data.

Carbon planet

In August 2011, Matthew Bailes and his team of experts from Swinburne University of Technology in Australia reported that the millisecond pulsar PSR J1719-1438 may have a binary companion star that has been crushed into a much smaller planet made largely of solid diamond.

Cochran test

Cochran's Q test, a non-parametric test that is applied to the analysis of two-way randomized block designs with a binary response variable.

Complementary sequences

Binary complementary sequences were first introduced by Marcel J. E. Golay in 1949.

Constant-weight code

Binary constant-weight codes have several applications, including frequency hopping in GSM networks.

Extended SMTP

Prior to the availability of 8BITMIME implementations, mail user agents employed several techniques to cope with the seven-bit limitation, such as binary-to-text encodings (including ones provided by MIME) and UTF-7.

Factorial code

Jürgen Schmidhuber (1992) re-formulated the problem in terms of predictors and binary feature detectors, each receiving the raw data as an input.

To create factorial codes, Horace Barlow and co-workers suggested to minimize the sum of the bit entropies of the code components of binary codes (1989).

HD 106906 b

DT Virginis, a binary star about which orbits a planet with the farthest orbit around such a system.

Hotaru Beam

Hotaru Beam is a binary-determination logic puzzle published by Nikoli.

IMP-16

The IMP-16 was later superseded by National Semiconductor's PACE and INS8900 single-chip 16-bit microprocessors, which had a similar architecture but were not binary compatible.

Mensch Computer

Much software originally written for other computer systems which use the 65816 or 6502 instruction sets (such as the Nintendo Entertainment System, Super Nintendo, or Apple IIgs, among others) can be run on the Mensch Computer (either directly as binary object code or through reassembling the software source code), to the extent that such software does not rely on hardware configurations which differ from the Mensch Computer.

Microsoft Binary Format

In computing, Microsoft Binary Format (MBF) was a format for floating point numbers used in Microsoft's BASIC language products including MBASIC, QuickBasic and GW-BASIC.

Mizar and Alcor

More components of the Mizar system were discovered with the advent of the telescope and spectroscopy; a fine, easily-split visual target, Mizar was the first telescopic binary discovered—most probably by Benedetto Castelli who in 1617 asked Galileo Galilei to observe it.

N-ary code

A prefix that indicates an integer, e.g., "bin", "tern," or "quatern", may be used in lieu of a numeral, to produce "binary", "ternary", or "quaternary" (2, 3, and 4 states respectively).

New Market, Maryland

John Vincent Atanasoff, Bulgarian-American inventor, created the first binary computer, Atanasoff–Berry Computer, writing the concept in 1937 on a cocktail napkin after having a few glasses of scotch whiskey.

Nob Yoshigahara

Perhaps best known as a puzzle inventor, he commercially licensed his designs, such as the Rush Hour puzzle game, to companies including Binary Arts (now known as ThinkFun), Ishi Press, and Hanayama Toys.

PCI configuration space

If there is no device that implements the function zero (i.e., vendor and device ID registers), the bus master performs an abort and returns all 1s in binary (hexadecimal FFFFFFFF).

Probit model

Suppose response variable Y is binary, that is it can have only two possible outcomes which we will denote as 1 and 0.

QEMU

It also provides an accelerated mode for supporting a mixture of binary translation (for kernel code) and native execution (for user code), in the same fashion as VMware Workstation and VirtualBox do.

Regional Meteorological Centre, Chennai

In 1855, Captain W. S. Jacob of the East India Observatory in Madras found orbital anomalies in the binary star 70 Ophiuchi that he claimed are evidence of an extrasolar planet—the first exoplanet false alarm.

Six-bit character code

IBM applied the terms binary-coded decimal and BCD to the variations of BCD alphamerics used in most early IBM computers, including the IBM 1620, IBM 1400 series, and non-Decimal Architecture members of the IBM 700/7000 series.

Sparse binary polynomial hashing

Sparse binary polynomial hashing (SBPH) is a generalization of Bayesian filtering that can match mutating phrases as well as single words.

Surface properties of transition metal oxides

The structure of binary oxides can be predicted on the basis of the relative sizes of the metal and oxide ions and the filling of holes in a close packed oxide lattice.

The Binary Cafe

The full name of the establishment was actually The Binary Café and Hexadecimal Emporium, a name which reflected the two main components of the space—serving food and drinks, and selling cyberpunk-related books, magazines, and zines.

TPEG

The TPEG binary data format is designed for transmission over DAB and DMB.

United States Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station

Complete catalogs require much study of binary/multiple, flare, oblate, starspot-laden stars, and astrometrically extended objects, in addition to the classically 'simple', spheroidally shaped single stars.

Universal binary

A universal binary is, in Apple parlance, an executable file or application bundle that runs natively on either PowerPC or Intel-manufactured IA-32 or Intel 64-based Macintosh computers; it is an implementation of the concept more generally known as a fat binary.

Weakly compact

Weakly compact cardinal, an infinite cardinal number on which every binary relation has an equally large homogeneous subset

Xilinx

Xilinx's IP cores include IP for simple functions (BCD encoders, counters, etc.), for domain specific cores (digital signal processing, FFT and FIR cores) to complex systems (multi-gigabit networking cores, the MicroBlaze soft microprocessor and the compact Picoblaze microcontroller).


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