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Dukecynus was discovered in the strata of La Venta in the department of Huila and Tolima in Colombia, where the fossil remains were found: the lower jaw and upper jaw with teeth (holotype specimen IGM 251149), more some referred molar teeth.
Gecatogomphius is known from the holotype PIN 1156/1, a three-dimensionally preserved nearly complete lower jaw found on the bank of the Vyatka River near the town of Gorki in the Kirov Oblast, and from PIN 4310/1 a single maxillary tooth plate from Berezovye Polyanki in Tatarstan.
A typical gurn might involve projecting the lower jaw as far forward and up as possible, and covering the upper lip with the lower lip, though there are other possibilities.
Little is known about the species, because it was identified with only a lower jaw and limb bones, recovered from a site near Mananjary on the east coast of Madagascar.
The type species, Rhamphinion jenkinsi, was described and named in 1984 by Kevin Padian, based on holotype MNA V 4500, a partial skull including the occipital region, a partial left jugal, a fragment of the lower jaw including two preserved teeth and the impression of a third, and one other fragment that could not be identified.
Angular bone, a large bone in the lower jaw of amphibians and reptiles
Nicknamed "Ion din Anina" (John of Anina), the remains (the lower jaw) are some 40,000 years old.
In 1969, a lower jaw of a crocodilian that dated back to the Lutetian stage of the Eocene was found in Saint James Parish, Jamaica, and was described as belonging to a new species of Charactosuchus named C. kugleri.
The skull and lower jaws held 76 long, curved needle-like teeth, eighteen in the upper, nineteen in the lower jaw, confined to the beak ends, the anterior third, of the jaws.
Jepson was born with a congenital jaw defect - her top jaw stuck out by eight millimetres and her lower jaw hung down into her neck.
This condition of the lower jaw is shared with many ziphosuchians, such as Adamantinasuchus, Sphagesaurus, Notosuchidae and probably with Candidodon.
Other characteristics of the dentition are shared with many members of the Sphagesauridae (such as the strong protruding forward inclination of the first pair of teeth and the presence of anterior projection on the lower jaw).
The symptoms are necrosis of the mandible (lower jawbone) and the maxilla (upper jaw) as well as constant bleeding of the gums and (usually) after some time, severe distortion due to bone tumours and porosity of the lower jaw.
aequatorialis (Johnson & Madden, 1997): Based on a piece of right lower jaw, found in the river Burgaya in the province of Cañar, Ecuador, in the Biblián Formation (Middle Miocene, 19 million years ago).