Small-scale farming, nomadic herding, pearling, and fishing were the predominant means of subsistence in the region for the centuries before the discovery of oil.
The idea for such a self-sufficient community originated when Eleanor Roosevelt learned through her friend, Lorena Hickok, of a plan to relocate a group of West Virginia coal miners to a nearby farm with the intention that they could combine subsistence farming with simple industries to reclaim their economic footing.
Dairy, poultry, hog and fish farming persist and range from large scale commercial operations to subsistence type family farms.
Currently, Calista has almost 14,000 shareholders, almost all of whom are Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimos, and most of whom still speak the Yup'ik language and live a largely subsistence lifestyle of hunting, fishing, and gathering.
Many residents are fishers engaging in ceremonial, subsistence, and commercial fisheries for salmon, steelhead, and sturgeon in the Columbia River.
Pedro was born April 16, 1858 to a family of subsistence farmers in the Apennine village of Trignano, Comune di Fanano and was the youngest of six brothers.
Iron law of wages, from Ferdinand Lassalle's Subsistence theory of wages (mid 19th century)
He also did not, initially, have a good agreement with them, as he was allotted 150 kroner advance each month (enough to keep him above the subsistence level).
The political scientist James C. Scott, for example, showed how this ideology could be used as a method of resisting authority in "The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Subsistence and Rebellion in Southeast Asia" (1976).
Climate change led to both floods and drought in Kawambwa District in 2008, thus hampering the activities of subsistence farmers.
In the early Neolithic (sometimes called the Mesolithic) period, evidence of significant shifts in tool making, settlement patterns, and subsistence living including nascent domestication of both plants and animals, which comes from such important Kurdish sites as Asiab (Asíyaw), Guran, Ganj-e Dareh (Genjí Dara), and Ali Khosh (Elí xosh).
Pantaleone was born in Villalba, a village in a poor region of Sicily, where most people lived of subsistence agriculture, which was also the home town of the prominent Mafia boss Calogero Vizzini.
Their subsistence by fishing and coastal sea-mammal hunting is very similar to the Koryak and Itelmen on the Kamchatka Peninsula.
David Gordon Hines was responsible for the development of co-operatives in Tanganyika and Uganda, improving the living standards of farmers in their transition from subsistence farming to cash crops.
After a period of small subsistence agriculture, the local economy began to concentrate on a few chief exports: initially, lichen (Roccella tinctoria) and woad (Isatis tinctoria), later the introduction of wheat and corn crops.
The local economy consists largely of subsistence hunting for walrus, seals, fish, and bowhead whales; the city calls itself the "Walrus Capital of the World".
The shift to sedentism is coupled with the adoption of new subsistence strategies, specifically from foraging (hunter-gatherer) to agricultural and animal domestication.
Following the Seminole Agreement of 1909, the Seminole lands were allotted to individual households registered on the Dawes Rolls, in a federal plan to encourage subsistence farming and assimilation.
Fish, crab, moose, beluga whale, caribou, seal, rabbit, geese, cranes, ducks, ptarmigan, (including these eggs) berries, greens, and roots are also primary subsistence food sources.
Shamba is a Swahili word for a small plot used for growing subsistence crops and fruit-bearing trees, often including the dwelling of the farmer.
Bloom's second book on Africa, Trading Places - The Merchants of Nairobi, features subsistence shopkeepers in the suburbs of Nairobi, including Kibera.
Happy People: A Year in the Taiga, a documentary made by Werner Herzog and Dmitry Vasyukov about subsistence hunters in the Russian boreal forest.
Acorns, piñon nuts, and game animals were key elements in Tubatulabal subsistence.
The United States Department of Commerce issued a Federal Disaster Declaration for the 2008 and 2009 Commercial Chinook Yukon River fisheries, citing the complete closure of commercial fishing along with restrictions placed on subsistence fishing.