Classified as "subprofessionals", Holberton, along with Kay McNulty, Marlyn Wescoff, Ruth Lichterman, Betty Jean Jennings, and Fran Bilas, programmed the ENIAC to perform calculations for ballistics trajectories electronically for the Ballistic Research Laboratory (BRL), US Army.
In 1979, the U.S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory (BRL) (now the United States Army Research Laboratory) expressed a need for tools that could assist with the computer simulation and engineering analysis of combat vehicle systems and environments.
He also served as a member of the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, Naval Research Advisory Committee, Defense Science Board, and the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Army Ballistic Research Laboratory.
He stayed at Kentucky until 1946 apart from 1943 to 1945 during which he did war service for the Ballistic Research Laboratory at the Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.
He was commissioned a lieutenant and worked as an ordnance mathematician calculating firing tables at the Ballistic Research Laboratory (BRL) at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.
The Army assembled an Upper Atmosphere Research Panel of representative from the Air Material Command, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Army Signal Corps, Ballistic Research Laboratory, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Harvard University, Princeton University, and General Electric Company.
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In 1944 he left McCormick Observatory and became head of the Photographic Division at the Ballistic Research Laboratory of the U.S. Army Aberdeen Proving Ground in Aberdeen, Maryland.
HEP systems were acquired by Los Alamos, the Argonne National Laboratory, the Ballistic Research Laboratory, probably the National Security Agency, and Germany's Messerschmitt which had the only 4 processor PEM system.