X-Nico

unusual facts about Byzantine-Norman Wars



Agios Eleftherios

Agios Eleftherios Church, Athens (Mikri Mitrópoli), a Byzantine church in Athens

Alaşehir

Philadelphia was an independent, neutral city under the influence of the Latin Knights of Rhodes, when taken in 1390 by Sultan Bayezid I and an auxiliary Christian force under the Byzantine emperor Manuel II after a prolonged resistance, by which time all the other cities of Asia Minor had surrendered to the Ottomans.

Arch of Constantine

Kitzinger, Ernst, Byzantine art in the making: main lines of stylistic development in Mediterranean art, 3rd-7th century, 1977, Faber & Faber, ISBN 0571111548 (US: Cambridge UP, 1977)

Archaeological Museum of Ancient Corinth

The artifacts, which were systematically recovered beginning in 1896 by the Corinth Excavations, illustrate much about Ancient Corinth through Greek, Roman and Byzantine rule.

Bărboi Church

The church's spacious Byzantine interior is composed of three naves: a central one and two lateral ones, divided by columns of Carrara marble topped by Corinthian capitals.

Battle of Walaja

He launched campaigns against the Sassanid Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and thus set in motion a historical trajectory that in just a few decades would lead to one of the largest empires in history.

Beit Sawa

According to historian Irfan Shahid, who specializes in Byzantine history, it is possible that Beit Sawa was the site of the Damascene monastery of Sawa al-Haykal.

Church of All Nations

The current church rests on the foundations of two earlier ones, that of a small 12th century Crusader chapel abandoned in 1345, and a 4th-century Byzantine basilica, destroyed by an earthquake in 746.

Dead Cities

Many other sites and dead cities in the area are located at various distances around Aleppo and Idlib: Serjilla, Ebla, Bara, Qalb Loze Basilica, Baqirha Byzantine Church, Deir Mishmish Church, Benastur Monastery, Deir Amman churches, Sargible settlement, Tell A'de Church and Monastery and other settlements found in Jabal Halaqa region.

Dobryninskaya

Once again the portico was based on the ancient Russian connotations and the pilaster was copied from an archaeological finding in Taman that dates to Byzantine times.

Domnentiolus

Domnentiolus was a Byzantine military officer, active in the reign of Justinian I (r. 527–565).

Dumbarton Oaks Conference

Robert Woods Bliss (1875–1962), who with his wife, Mildred Barnes Bliss (1879–1969), had given Dumbarton Oaks to Harvard University in 1940 to establish a scholarly research institute and museum in Byzantine studies, was instrumental in arranging for these meetings.

Ernest Mamboury

Throughout his life in Istanbul, which lasted for more than forty years until his death in 1953, Mamboury dedicated most of his literary works on the Byzantine structures of this city, as well as other significant historic monuments in Istanbul and Ankara.

Eustratios of Constantinople

Other Byzantine writers opposing Christian mortalism were John the Deacon, Niketas Stethatos, Philip Monotropos (Dioptra pp. 210, 220), and Michael Glykas.

Fayez Barakat

Specialising in classical antiquities, Near Eastern, Biblical, Chinese, Pre-Columbian, Byzantine, Asian, African and primitive arts, the business expanded from a small shop in the Jerusalem Souq into a dealership with global reach, and a presence in most of the world's major art-buying centres.

Gerger

Gerger, and then weakening of surrounding Abbasi has passed into the hands of the Byzantine HAMDANİLER'in again.

Greek art

It absorbed influences of Eastern civilizations, of Roman art and its patrons, and the new religion of Orthodox Christianity in the Byzantine era and absorbed Italian and European ideas during the period of Romanticism (with the invigoration of the Greek Revolution), right up until the Modernist and Postmodernist.

Gunnar Brands

Since 1996, hae has been professor of Christian Archaeology and Byzantine Art History at the Institute for Oriental Archaeology and Art History at the In 1993/94 and 2000/01 he was a Fellow for Byzantine Studies at Dumbarton Oaks.

History of Thessaloniki

However, after the death of the emperor Manuel I Komnenos in 1180, the fortunes of the Byzantine Empire began to decline and in 1185, Norman rulers of Sicily, under the leadership of Count Baldwin and Riccardo d'Acerra, attacked and occupied the city, resulting in considerable destruction.

History of Thessaly

After the disastrous Battle of Ankara in 1402 however, the weakened Ottomans were forced to return the eastern half of Thessaly to Byzantine rule, while the remainder reverted to virtual independence, and the two forts of Pteleos and Gardiki came under Venetian control.

John Francis Bentley

After deciding on a Byzantine Revival design, Bentley travelled to Italy to study some of the great early Byzantine-influenced cathedrals, such as St Mark's Basilica in Venice.

Kasia

Kassia (fl. 9th-century), Byzantine abbess, poet, and hymnographer

Klokotnitsa

The village is famous for the great battle on 9 March 1230, between the Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II and the Byzantine Greek despot Theodore Komnin of Epirus.

Komnenian restoration

With this victory the Kingdom of Hungary was made a vassal of the Empire and, according to noted Byzantine historian Paul Magdalino, Byzantine control over the Balkans was at its most effective point since Late Antiquity.

Langobardia Minor

So became subject to the two duchies the entire Adriatic coast between Byzantine strongholds of Ancona in the north and Otranto in the south; the Ionian and the Tyrrhenian, however, only partially fell under the authority of the duke of Benevento, which was never able to permanently occupy Naples, the Salento and the tip of Calabria (south of Cosenza and Crotone), and of course, Rome and its suburbs.

Liutprand, King of the Lombards

The pope, Gregory II, ordered the people to resist and the Byzantine duke of Naples, Exhiliratus, was killed by a mob while trying to carry out the imperial command to destroy all the icons.

London Canon Tables

The London Canon Tables (British Library, Add. MS 5111) is a Byzantine illuminated Gospel Book fragment on vellum from the 6th or 7th century.

Michael Weishan

Weishan's research in landscape design overlaps with a life-long love of architecture, architectural design and archaeology, and his first published work (1991) was as editor and co-contributor (along with noted Harvard archaeologist George M.A. Hanfmann) of The Byzantine Shops at Sardis, volume 9 of the Sardis Archaeological Series published by the Harvard University Press.

Mount Nif

But the name "Mount Nif", deriving from "Nymphaion", the name of the region during the Byzantine period when it was an important and imperial center especially at the time of the Nicaean Empire, is the more common appellation in Turkey as well.

New Athos

They selected Psyrtskha, and the Neo-Byzantine New Athos Monastery, dedicated to St. Simon the Canaanite, was constructed there in the 1880s with funds provided by Tsar Alexander III of Russia.

Nikephoros Bryennios

Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger (1062–1137), son or grandson of the preceding, Byzantine general, statesman and historian

Nikephoros Phokas the Elder

Nikephoros made his name as the Byzantine commander-in-chief (monostrategos, "single-general") against the Arabs in southern Italy, a post to which he was appointed in late 885, or, according to Shaun Tougher, after the accession of Leo VI the Wise in July 886.

Patriarch Alexius of Constantinople

He promoted the zealous actions of John of Melitene whose interest it was to limit the influence of the Syro Jacobite Church in the south east of the Byzantine Empire, especially in the newly conquered themes of Mesopotamia and Telouch.

Pelinus

On the death of Proculus, Pelinus was designated bishop of Brindisi, but functionaries of the Byzantine empire deported him to Corfinio, where he was condemned to death and executed with his disciples on 5 December, probably in 662.

Peter the Patrician

In this capacity, he was one of the leading ministers of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565), playing an important role in the Byzantine emperor's religious policies and the relations with Sassanid Persia; most notably he led the negotiations for the peace agreement of 562 that ended the 20-year long Lazic War.

Richard G. Salomon

Going on to the University of Berlin, Salomon studied eastern European history under Theodor Schiemann (1847-1921), Byzantine history under Karl Krumbacher (1856-1921), the history of medieval law under Karl Zeurner (1849-1914), and Latin paleography under Michael Tangl (1861-1921), under whom he completed his doctoral dissertation in February 1907: Studien zur normannisch-italischen Diplomatik.

Robert II of Capua

Robert defeated Roger at the Battle of Nocera on 24 July, but Roger burnt Aversa and, by 1134, forced Ranulf, count of Alife, and the nominally Byzantine Duke Sergius VII of Naples to submit.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bari-Bitonto

In 841, however, the Byzantine army reconquered Bari, and in 844 Saint Angelarius, Bishop of Canosa, then in ruins, brought to Bari the relics of Saint Rufinus, Saint Memorus, and Saint Sabinus, which he had rescued from the ruins.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zadar

Zadar was the capital of Byzantine Dalmatia, but an example of Carolingian architecture is also found there, indicating that Zadar may once have belonged to the Franks and possibly explaining a visit of Bishop Donatus to Charlemagne in Dietenhofen.

Santa Maria Antiqua

The defeat of the Western Roman Empire by the Goths in the fifth century gave way to Byzantine and Lombard influence in the late fifth to mid eighth centuries.

Siderocapsa

:Siderocapsa is also a spelling of the Byzantine and Ottoman mine and mint Siderocausa

St George the Conqueror Chapel Mausoleum

Built between 1903 and 1907 in the Neo-Byzantine style by the architect P. Koychev, whose project won a contest in 1903, it is dedicated to the Russian and Romanian soldiers who fell for the Liberation of Bulgaria during the Siege of Plevna of 1877.

Stass Paraskos

He is also influenced by the Byzantine church art of Cyprus, and modern masters, such as Paul Gauguin and Henri Matisse.

Templon

This continued from the time of Justinian into the middle Byzantine period, as shown from a 10th-century excavation in Sebaste in Phrygia, which uncovered a marble templon whose epistyle is covered with busts of saints.

The Large Etymological Dictionary

Described as one of the most important Byzantine Dictionaries, it was released by Nikolaos Vlastos, owner of the first Greek press in Venice.

Themes in Italian Renaissance painting

In Bellini's painting, while on one hand, the figures and the setting give the effect of great realism, Bellini's interest in Byzantine icons is displayed in the hierarchical enthronement and demeanour of the Madonna.

Thomas Whittemore

In 1948, he and Paul A. Underwood, from the Byzantine Institute of America and the Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, sponsored a programme for restoration of the Chora Church in Istanbul.

Vani

Lordkipanidze O., "Vani, An Ancient City of Colchis." Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies.

Vino Greco

Curiously, the 14th century Florentine merchant Francesco Pegolotti records in La Pratica della Mercatura (c. 1340) that vino greco was exported from Italy to Constantinople, the Byzantine Greek capital.

Zvečan Fortress

During the reign of Grand Prince Vukan of Raška (by the end of the 11th century), the area of Kosovska Mitrovica was the battlefield in Vukan’s campaign against Byzantine and his brother Tihomir winning at last near the village of Pantina.


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