X-Nico

52 unusual facts about Constantinople


Abram Isaac Elkus

In 1916 he was appointed by Woodrow Wilson to be the United States Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire in Constantinople.

Amastrianum

The precise location of the square is unknown: in the work De Ceremoniis, written by Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (reigned 913–959), the square was located along the southern branch of the Mese Odós (the main street of the city), between the Philadelphion and the Forum Bovis, both stations of imperial processions coming from the Great Palace and heading to the western part of the city.

Anna Balakian

Anna Balakian (14 July 1915 in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (now Istanbul, Turkey) – 12 August 1997 in New York City, United States), former chair of the Department of Comparative Literature at New York University, was internationally recognized as an authority on symbolism and surrealism.

Antonis Oikonomou

He then travelled to Constantinople to commission a new ship and there he was recruited to the Filiki Eteria by Papaflessas.

Athanasios Angelopoulos

He has been honoured with the title of the Archon Actuary of the Holy in Christ Great Mother Church, by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople; the award of the Academy of Athens, in 1980; and with awards and prizes from churches, states and institutes.

Bahik

The "Village of Behik" is a protocol signed in Constantinople in 1913 which drew most of the Turco-Persian border.

David Dickinson

Eugenie was a member of an Armenian textile trading family, whose father Hrant Gulesserian, had moved from Constantinople to Manchester in 1904.

Death by sawing

A number of cruel excesses against the populace of Constantinople is said to have happened in the wake of the taking of the city.

Dentil

In the porch of the Studion cathedral at Constantinople, the dentil and the interval between are equal in width, and the interval is splayed back from top to bottom; this is the form it takes in what is known as the Venetian dentil, which was copied from the Byzantine dentil in Santa Sophia, Constantinople.

Eugen Binder-Kriegelstein

He then went to work briefly for the press office of the Foreign Ministry of the Ottoman Empire in Constantinople.

Fisounis

According to Kostas Mitsis who has researched the dances of Preveza and Epirus writes the following about the dance Fisounis: The Dance Fisouni is from the area of Preveza and is believed to have been brought to the region from Constantinople.

Forum of the Ox

He writes that the two imperial processions starting from the Great Palace and directed each year respectively to the Churches of Saint Mary of the Spring and Saint Mocius transited through the square.

The Forum lay along the southern branch of the Mese Odós (the main street of the city), in the valley of the Lycus creek, between the seventh and the third hills of Constantinople.

Gentile Bellini

Therefore in 1479, he was chosen by the government of Venice to work for Sultan Mehmed II in Constantinople.

Although Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453, the Greek Byzantine world had a continuing impact upon Venetian art and culture as a number of Greek Christians fled Muslim rule.

In September 1479 Gentile was sent by the Venetian Senate to the new Ottoman capital Constantinople as part of the peace settlement between Venice and the Turks.

Gurandukht, daughter of George I of Georgia

During Bagrat's exile at the Byzantine court enforced by the rebellion of Liparit IV, Duke of Kldekari, in the 1050s, Gurandukht was "protector" (patroni) of Bagrat's young son George II, who was declared king in Bagrat's absence at Constantinople.

Gustav Weil

Weil returned to Europe by way of Constantinople, where he remained for some time pursuing Turkish studies.

Historical Jewish population comparisons

1,100,000 is comparable to the population of the largest cities that existed anywhere in the world before the 19th century, but geographically the Old City of Jerusalem is just a few per cent of the size of such cities as ancient Rome, Constantinople, Edo period Tokyo and Han Dynasty Xi'an.

HMS Pigeon

HMS Pigeon (1854) was the mercantile wood paddle tender Brothers purchased at Constantinople in 1854 and sold there in 1856.

Jacinto Caamaño

A few years later he formed part of a politico-commercial expedition to Constantinople to establish business relations with Turkey, Poland, and Russia.

Judah Rosanes

Judah ben Samuel Rosanes (1657-1727) was Rabbi of Constantinople and son-in-law of Abraham Rosanes I.

Judy Feld Carr

In addition, she provided money to assist families of those imprisoned and she was able to smuggle out of that country many rare Jewish religious articles, including the famous Damascus Codex, known as a "Keter" (Crown), which had been written in the 12th Century in Italy, found its way to Castile, Constantinople, and eventually Damascus, where it had been kept in secret for some 500 years.

Kaari Utrio

The setting is usually Finland or its neighbouring countries, but also far-away places like Constantinople and Calabria (both more or less Greek at the time) also appear in the books from time to time.

Karl Wilhelm Göttling

During his academic career he participated in several study trips to Italy, Sicily, Greece, et al., and in 1852 accompanied Ludwig Preller (1809–1861) and Hermann Theodor Hettner (1821–1882) on a journey to Greece and Constantinople.

Katharine Elkus White

She lived in Constantinople while her father was ambassador there from 1916 to 1919.

Kiev Pechersk Lavra

Prince Iziaslav I of Kiev ceded the whole mount to the Antonite monks who founded a monastery built by architects from Constantinople.

Kristianopel

The Greek suffix '-opel' was given to give the town a cosmopolitan ring similar to Constantinople.

Lampsacus

Other known Bishops of Lampsacus were Daniel, who assisted at the Council of Chalcedon (451); Harmonius (458); Constantine (680), who attended the Third Council of Constantinople; John (787), at Nicaea; St. Euschemon, a correspondent of St. Theodore the Studite, and a confessor of the Faith for the veneration of images, under Theophilus.

Marcian, was summoned to the First Council of Constantinople of Constantinople in 381, but refused to retract his adherence of the Macedonian Christian sect.

Luigi Arditi

Then, following a visit to Constantinople, he decided to settle in London, but made several trips again to America with the Royal Italian Opera Company.

Lunxhëri

Founder of a number of Greek schools (called Zografeia schools) in Qestorati, Gjirokastër and Constantinople.

Luther Bradish

The treaty terms demanded by Halet Efendi, the Ottoman foreign minister, were unacceptable to the U.S. Any future attempts at negotiations with Halet became moot when he 'offended' the Sultan and was first banished from Constantinople (Istanbul), and then killed.

Marie Joys

During the First Balkan War, during the winter of 1912–1913, Joys volunteered at an Ottoman military hospital in Constantinople.

Martin of Leon

Martin was educated at this canonry, and after the death of his father, Martin decided to undertake a major pilgrimage, visiting the cities of Rome and Constantinople.

Orfeon Records

The company was based in Constantinople and was actively producing records up until 1924 when it was purchased by Columbia Records.

Parathalassites

Although there were several parathalassitai in the Byzantine provinces, the most important holder of the office was the parathalassitēs of Constantinople, the imperial capital.

Like him, he was a subordinate official of the urban prefect, also known as the Eparch of Constantinople; in Philotheos's Klētorologion of 899, he is indeed shown as being of relatively lowly rank.

Paul Magdalino

His research interests include Byzantine history: the society, culture and economy of the Byzantine world from 6th to 13th centuries; the city of Constantinople; prophecy, scientific thought, the formation of Byzantine religious Orthodoxy.

Philadelphion

The Philadelphion was a public square located in Constantinople (today's Istanbul).

Political faction

In Byzantine Constantinople, two such chariot factions, blue and green, repeatedly made or broke the claims of candidates to the imperial throne.

Ramon Muntaner

The Catalan Company was an army of light infantry under the leadership of Roger de Flor that was made up of Aragonese and Catalan mercenaries, known as Almogavars; Roger led the Company to Constantinople to help the Greeks against the Turks.

Robert P. Briscoe

At the end of hostilities, he made the first postwar Midshipmen cruise in the USS Kearsarge (BB-5) and in 1919 returned to destroyer duty as Engineer Officer of the USS Humphreys (DD-236), stationed in Near East waters at Constantinople.

Rügland

One of these men — Mustapha, born in 1655 Constantinople — saved the life of Hannibal von Crailshem during a battle, and by doing so, one the lord’s favour.

Sabbateans

About 1673 Hagis went to Constantinople to publish his Lehem ha-Panim, but he died there before this was accomplished.

Saint Philaretos

The lands of Paphlagonia, for example, are described as having been raided by the "Ishmaelites", attesting to the success of Islamic raids into Byzantine territory as Paphlagonia is within a few days ride from Constantinople.

Shmuel-Bukh

Zalman Shazar (president of Israel 1963–1973) believed that it was written by an Ashekenazi rabbi active in Constantinople (now Istanbul) in the second half of the 15th century.

Turjak Castle

Their heads were skinned and tanned, then sent as mementos to the Sultan in Constantinople, from where relatives later ransomed them at considerable cost.

Ulmen

Sir Heinrich von Ulmen, a knight, went on the Fourth Crusade to Constantinople, whence he brought valuable treasures back, among others the famous Limburger Staurothek (“Limburg Reliquary of the True Cross”), which can still be seen in the cathedral in Limburg an der Lahn.

Vita Sackville-West

The couple lived for a number of years in Cihangir, Constantinople, and were present, in 1926, at the coronation of Rezā Shāh, in Tehran, then Persia.

William Ainger Wigram

Wigram moved to Constantinople in 1912 to take up a chaplaincy position, and at the outbreak of World War I was interned; Turkey having allied itself with Germany.

Yannis Markopoulos

There followed Re-Naissance: Crete between Venice and Constantinople, a musical journey in four units that strikes a balance between the opera form and that of the oratorio, and the opera Erotokritos and Areti.


Abolition of the Ottoman Sultanate

On November 1, 1922, the nationalist Grand National Assembly declared that the Sultanate's Constantinople government was no longer the legal Turkish government, appointing the nationalist body in Ankara to that place.

Amedeo Preziosi

Two years later, in 1844, Preziosi was commissioned by Robert Curzon, the private secretary of the British Ambassador to Istanbul, Lord Stratford Canning, 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe to create an album called Costumes of Constantinople, which now is located in the collections of the British Museum.

Andrew of Constantinople

Andrew of Constantinople (Andrew the Fool-for-Christ, Andrew, the Fool or Andrew, Fool-for-Christ-sake, Greek Andreas ho Salos), (died in 936) is considered a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church, and is revered as a Fool for Christ.

Anna Dalassene

As stated in the Alexiad, when Isaac and Alexios left Constantinople in mid-February 1081 to raise an army against Botaneiates, Anna quickly and surreptitiously mobilized the remainder of the family and took refuge in the Hagia Sophia.

Apiarius of Sicca

The Bishops of Africa, not finding the statement in their copies of Nicene Canons, sought copies of the Nicene Canons from the Archbishops of Constantinople, Alexandria, and Antioch.

Aziyadé

Aziyadé (1879; also known as Constantinople) is a novel by French author Pierre Loti.

Balthasar's Odyssey

Before the dawn of the apocalyptic 'Year of the Beast' in 1666, Balthasar Embriaco, a Levantine merchant, sets out on an adventure that will take him across the breadth of the civilised world from Constantinople, through the Mediterranean, to London, shortly before the Great Fire.

Bertrand M. Tipple

He was a delegate to the world convention of the YMCA at Robert College in Constantinople in 1911 and a delegate to the Ecumenical Conference in Edinburgh, 1913.

Bulgarian–Latin Wars

Emperor Baldwin I was captured, Count Louis I of Blois was killed, and the Venetian Doge Enrico Dandolo led the surviving portions of the crusader army into a hasty retreat back to Constantinople, during the course of which he died of exhaustion.

Byron Fidetzis

All three Manolis Kalomiris’s symphonies, namely the Levendia Symphony (of Manliness), Of Simple and Good People and "Palamian" as well as the composer’s operas Anatoli (Sunrise) and Konstantinos Paleologos (The Fall of Constantinople);

Constantine II, King of Armenia

He had married twice, firstly in Constantinople ca 1318 or 1318 to a Kantakouzene (died ca 1330), without issue, and secondly in 1330–1332, Theodora Syrgiannaina (died 1347/1349), sister of the pinkernes ("cupbearer") Syrgiannes Palaiologos Philanthropenos, with whom he fathered two children.

Donatus of Zadar

According to tradition, St. Donatus brought the relics to Zadar from Constantinople, when he was there with the Venetian duke Beato.

Egrikapili Mehmed Rasim Efendi

One of his most famous works consist of copying over 60 manuscripts of the Kuran and the inscriptions on the fountain of Saliha Sultan at Azap Kapi in Constantinople.

Expulsion of the Jews from Portugal

Most Portuguese Jews, thousands, would eventually leave the country to Amsterdam, Thessaloniki, Constantinople (Istanbul), France, Morocco, Brazil, Curaçao and the Antilles.

Faiz El-Ghusein

He attended the Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun (Tribal School) at Constantinople, and continued on to the Royal College.

Giovanni Giustiniani

In the film, he is killed by Ulubatlı Hasan (İbrahim Çelikkol) during the last day in the siege of Constantinople.

Great Cities of the Ancient World

The work is a study of the ethnology, history, geography, and everyday life in such famous ancient capital cities as Thebes, Jerusalem, Nineveh, Tyre, Babylon, Memphis, Athens, Syracuse, Alexandria, Anuradhapura, Rome, Pataliputra, and Constantinople.

Gregory Pterotos

while Warren Treadgold theorized that Gregory may have served as Count of the Opsician Theme, which was the Asian theme closest to Constantinople and hence of particular importance for the stability of the regime.

History of Adjara

The divisional headquarters at Batum left for Constantinople, handing over to the military governor of Batum—Br.-Gen. W. J. N. Cooke-Collis.

Jacob Heerbrand

During the negotiations of the Tübingen theologians with Patriarch Jeremias II of Constantinople, it was translated by Martin Crusius into Greek, and circulated to Constantinople, Alexandria, Greece, and Asia Minor.

John Frederick Bateman

He carried out projects abroad as well, including designing and constructing a drainage and water supply system for Buenos Aires, and water supply schemes for Naples, Constantinople and Colombo.

Mamluk dynasty of Iraq

Both Hasan and Ahmad rendered a valuable service to the Ottoman Porte by curbing the unruly tribes and securing a steady inflow of taxes to the treasury in Constantinople as well as by defending Iraq against yet another military threat from the Safavids of Iran.

Matija Ban

He first lived and worked on the island of Halki (Heybeliada), near Istanbul (Constantinople); Bursa; and the metropolis of Constantinople.

Metropolis of Muntenia and Dobrudja

The Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia was created, in 1359, by Callistus I, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople as the most senior church office of the Patriarchate of Constantinople, covering the territory of Wallachia.

Minuscule 701

Thomas Payne, chaplain in the British embassy in Constantinople, presented the manuscript to Charles Herzog, Duke of Marlborough, in 1738.

Ottoman ship Mahmudiye

She was constructed by the naval architect Mehmet Kalfa and the naval engineer Mehmet Efendi on the order of Mahmud II (reigned between 1808–1839) at Tersane-i Amire, the Imperial Shipyard, on the Golden Horn in Constantinople.

Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople

Pope Francis was also invited to Constantinople for the feast day of Saint Andrew (30 November).

Patriarch Philotheus I of Constantinople

He was appointed patriarch in 1353 by the emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, deposed by John V Palaiologos in 1354 and then restored by Patriarch Callistus I of Constantinople.

Paul Wolff Metternich

Paul Graf Wolff Metternich zur Gracht (December 5, 1853 - 1934) was a Prussian and German ambassador in London (1901-1912) and Constantinople (1915-1916).

Pera Palace Hotel

In Ernest Hemingway's short story The Snows of Kilimanjaro, the main character, writer Harry, stays at the Pera Palace hotel while serving in the military during the Allied occupation of Constantinople (Istanbul) in World War I.

Périgueux

Félix de Verneihl claims that St Front's was a copy of St Mark's Basilica in Venice; Quicherat, that it was copied from the church of the Holy Apostles of Constantinople.

Şemsi Pasha

During Şemsi Pasha's tenure as the Governor-General of Rumelia, it was reported that he left the capital for Sofia in 1565 with such pomp that the people of Constantinople who watched the spectacle of his lavishly clad retinue had never seen a beylerbey (Governor-General) display such 'majesty and grandeur.

Serpent Column

From the first hour of the memorable 29th of May, disorder and rapine prevailed in Constantinople, till the eighth hour of the same day, when the Sultan himself passed in triumph through the gate of St. Romanus.

Severian of Gabala

Severian, Bishop of Gabala in Syria (* before 380; † after 408, but probably before 425) was a popular preacher in Constantinople from around 398/399 until 404.

Sir Edmund Monson, 3rd Baronet

He entered the British diplomatic service in 1906 and served in junior capacities in Constantinople, Tokyo, Paris and Tehran.

Stojan Novaković

He was also one of the most successful and skilled Serbian diplomats, holding the post of envoy to Constantinople, Vienna and Saint Petersburg.

He was sent as the Serbian envoy to Constantinople, considered, along with Vienna and St. Petersburg, as one of the most important posts in that period.

Suleiman Baltoghlu

After his failure to enter Golden Horn during siege of Constantinople, he is banished by Sultan Mehmed II (Devrim Evin).

Vino Greco

Curiously, the 14th century Florentine merchant Francesco Pegolotti records in La Pratica della Mercatura (c. 1340) that vino greco was exported from Italy to Constantinople, the Byzantine Greek capital.

Vlad VI Înecatul

In October, after a further unsuccessful rebellion of the Oltenian nobility led by Craioveşti pretender to the throne Drăghici Gogoaşă, who was subsequently executed in Constantinople, Vlad ended Craioveşti's line of succession to the Banat of Craiova.