X-Nico

4 unusual facts about Dutch Republic


Dutch Republic

Johan de Witt and the Republicans did reign supreme for a time at the middle of the 17th century (the First Stadtholderless Period) until his overthrow and murder in 1672.

In 1815 it was rejoined with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège (the 'Southern provinces') to become the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the Kingdom of the United Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France.

However in practice the princes of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau, beginning with William the Silent, were always chosen as stadtholders of most of the provinces.

The Frogs and the Sun

Contemporary politics, however, were soon to give the fable an alternative reading, supporting the sovereign powers against the upstart, commercially successful Dutch Republic.


1653 in England

8–10 August - Battle of Scheveningen: The final naval battle of the First Anglo-Dutch War is fought, between the fleets of the Commonwealth and the United Provinces off the Texel; the English navy gains a tactical victory over the Dutch fleet.

Anna Seghers

The pseudonym Anna Seghers was apparently based on the surname of the Dutch painter and printmaker Hercules Pieterszoon Seghers or Segers (c. 1589 – c. 1638).

Barrier town

The barrier towns were present-day Belgian towns, heavily fortified by the Dutch, on the Austrian Netherlands's border with France, and as such were particularly important in the wars between the Dutch Republic and Ancien Régime France.

Battle of Chinsurah

Britain and the Dutch Republic were at peace, although tensions were high due to the Seven Years' War, and British East India Company administrator Robert Clive was preoccupied with fighting the French.

Battle of Rocoux

The Battle of Rocoux (11 October 1746) was a French victory over an allied Austrian, British, Hanoveran and Dutch army in Rocourt (or Rocoux), outside Liège during War of the Austrian Succession.

Bergen op Zoom

During the early modern period, Bergen op Zoom was a very strong fortress and one of the main armories and arsenals of the United Provinces.

Capture of Sint Eustatius

The Capture of Sint Eustatius took place in February 1781 during the American War of Independence when British army and naval forces under General John Vaughan and Admiral George Rodney seized the Dutch-owned Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius.

Christopher Delphicus zu Dohna

Dohna was born in Delft, Dutch Republic, to a noble family with close family ties to the Calvinist Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, the Stadtholder of the Netherlands.

Constantijn Huygens, Jr.

When William Blathwayt surpassed him as secretary, Constantijn was frustrated and in 1695 he received permission to return to the Dutch Republic.

Cuir de Cordoue

In the Dutch Republic gold leather-making flourished in the seventeenth century in Amsterdam, The Hague and Middelburg.

Douwe Sirtema van Grovestins

Nevertheless, he was made a lieutenant-general in the army of the Dutch Republic, and served as governor of the Barrier Fortress Ieper in the Austrian Netherlands in 1774.

Duchy of Cleves

The Hohenzollern margraves thereby got a first foothold in the Rhineland, however, large parts of the Duchy of Cleves were occupied by the United Provinces until the Franco-Dutch War in 1672.

Dutch Patriot Revolt, 1787

The Dutch Patriot Revolt was part of a series of revolutionary actions that took place from 1787 through 1789 in the Dutch Republic, Austrian Netherlands (now Belgium), Poland, and France.

France–Indonesia relations

During the reign of Governor General Herman Willem Daendels (1808–1811), France exercised its political influences in East Indies through Dutch Republic.

Francis Palmes

From February 1708 Palmes travelled extensively, undertaking mission to the United Provinces, Hanover, Prussia, Vienna and Savoy in order to concert measures with the allies.

George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield

Eliott was educated at the University of Leiden in the Dutch Republic and studied artillery and other military subjects at the école militaire of La Fère in France.

Giulio Alberoni

By provoking Britain, France, the Netherlands and the Empire to form the Quadruple Alliance, his hasty and ambitious plans brought a flood of disaster to Spain, for which Alberoni was held responsible.

Hallein

Archbishop Kuenburg had the Protestant miners expelled at the end of the 17th century, after which several hundred of them emigrated to Walcheren and Zeelandic Flanders in the Dutch Republic.

Hendrik Van der Noot

The Statists led by Van der Noot strived for the restoration of old privileges of the nobility and the church such as the "Joyous Entry" and sought cooperation with the Dutch Republic.

Ivan Mazepa

As a page was sent to study "gunnery" in Deventer (Dutch Republic) in 1656-1659, during the time of which Mazepa traveled across the Western Europe.

Law of the Netherlands

From ancient times the low lands that became the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (see also Dutch Republic) were ruled by a patchwork of customary law with a (depending on the region) more or less prevalent role for Roman law as a secondary source of law.

Mare clausum

In 1609 Hugo Grotius, a jurist of the Dutch Republic, formulated a new principle that the sea was international territory and all nations were free to use it for seafaring trade.

Mauritia Eleonora of Portugal

After the death of her mother Emilia, who resided at Prangins Castle in Switzerland, she returned in 1629 to the Netherlands to the court of her granduncle Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic and Amalie of Solms-Braunfels.

Munttoren

In the Rampjaar ("disastrous year") of 1672, when both England and France declared war on the Dutch Republic and French troops occupied much of the country, silver and gold could no longer be safely transported to Dordrecht and Enkhuizen (where coins were normally minted), so the guard house of the Munttoren was temporarily used to mint coin.

Oliver Óge French

He was an agent for the Irish Confederation to the United Provinces in May 1648, making a speech to the states general in The Hague.

Petrus Codde

Jacques Forget wrote, in the Catholic Encyclopedia, that since the Dutch Republic was for the most part Protestant, Catholics there lived under the direction of vicars apostolic.

Ralph Winwood

In 1603 Winwood was sent to The Hague as agent to the States-General of the United Provinces, and was appointed a member of the Dutch council of state on the basis of the Treaty of Nonsuch.

Serapis flag

Jones, now commanding the Serapis without an ensign, sailed to the island port of Texel, which was run by the neutral Dutch United Provinces.

Uncharted Waters Online

The player may choose from among 6 nationalities: England, Dutch Republic, Ancien Régime in France, Spanish Empire, Kingdom of Portugal, Republic of Venice.

United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg

The situation was further complicated by acquisitive desires of Emperor Rudolph II and the Wettin dukes of Saxony — the former particularly worrying to Henry IV of France and the Dutch Republic, who feared any strengthening of the Habsburg Netherlands.

United Kingdom of the Netherlands

This state, a large part of which still exists today as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, was made up of the former Dutch Republic (Republic of the Seven United Netherlands) to the north, the former Austrian Netherlands to the south, and the former Prince-Bishopric of Liège.

Willem Bentinck van Rhoon

He championed the cause of William IV, Prince of Orange who was stadtholder of the province of Friesland in the Dutch Republic, but was denied that dignity in most of the other provinces.


see also

Atheism in the Age of the Enlightenment

Margaret C. Jacob outlines a relationship between John Toland and Dutch Freemasonry; Jean Rousset de Missy, the founder of the Masonic lodge in the Dutch Republic in 1735 was a self-described pantheist, borrowing the term coined by Toland.

Cape Henlopen

From August until November 1616, the New Netherland Company, which had an exclusive trading patent for the New Netherland territory between 40° and 45° latitude, had tried unsuccessfully to obtain an exclusive patent from the States General of the Dutch Republic for the territory between 38° and 40° latitude.

Demerara

In 1781, the American revolution induced the Dutch Republic to join with the Bourbon side against the British, a large fleet under Admiral Lord Rodney's command was sent to the West Indies, and after having made some seizures in the Caribbean Islands, a squadron was detached to take possession of the colonies of Essequebo and Demerara, which was accomplished without much difficulty.

Frederick Nassau de Zuylestein

Herbert H. Rowen, The princes of Orange: the stadholders in the Dutch Republic.

Jacobus Deketh

On behalf of the Dutch Republic he undertook several diplomatic visits to Algiers.

James Hain Friswell

While on a visit to Richard Brinsley Sheridan at Frampton Court, Dorsetshire, in December 1869, whither he had been invited to meet John Lothrop Motley, author of the Rise of the Dutch Republic, he ruptured a blood-vessel.

Jean Rousset de Missy

After having spent a few years there, apparently in the service of the government of the Austrian Netherlands, he returned to the Dutch Republic in 1752, where he retired to the village of Maarssen till his death on 13 August 1762 (which may have taken place in the village of Uithoorn).

John Lothrop Motley

However, the eminent liberal Dutch historian Robert Fruin, (who was inspired by Motley to do some of his own best work), and who had reported already in 1856 in the "Westminster Review" Motley's edition on the "Rise of the Dutch republic", was critical of Motley's tendency to make up "facts" if they made for a good story.

Konda Venkatappaiah

He translated "The Rise of the Dutch Republic" (1856) by John Lothrop Motley, into the Telugu language in 1922, while a prisoner in Cuddalore jail.

Littleton Groom

After his death, Groom bequeathed many of the books from his personal library to the Canberra University College Library (which would become the Australian National University's Chifley Library) including the famed 'The Rise of the Dutch Republic' by J.L. Motley.

Piotr Napierała

Simon van Slingelandt (1664–1736) – last chance of the Dutch Republic, Libron-Filip Lohner, Kraków 2013.

Quadruple Alliance

In the War of the Quadruple Alliance, 1718 alliance of Austria, France, the Dutch Republic, and Great Britain

Ragnhild Hatton

Working with G. J. Renier and Mark A. Thomson, she completed her Ph.D. degree in 1947 with her thesis on "Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and the Dutch Republic, 1714-1721."

Second Anglo-Dutch War

The Dutch success made a major psychological impact throughout England, with London feeling especially vulnerable just a year after the Great Fire (which was generally interpreted in the Dutch Republic as divine retribution for Holmes's Bonfire).

Simon van Slingelandt

Piotr Napierała, Simon van Slingelandt (1664–1736) – last chance of the Dutch Republic, Libron-Filip Lohner, Kraków 2013.

Treaty of Münster

Peace of Münster, a treaty between the Dutch Republic and Spain signed in January 1648 ending the Thirty Years' War

Willem Bentinck van Rhoon

He was unsuccessful in his attempt to renew the full recognition of the Barrier Treaty by Austria, though the Dutch Republic was allowed to resume possession of the Barrier Fortresses in the Austrian Netherlands.

After the premature death of William IV, Bentinck was instrumental in putting the regency of the Princess Anne in place for her infant son William V, Prince of Orange as hereditary stadtholder-general in the Dutch Republic.

William of Orange

William V, Prince of Orange (1748 – 1806), last Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic and leader of the conservative faction