X-Nico

43 unusual facts about Prussia


Amlishagen Castle

The castle was finally bought by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher the Prussian Generalfeldmarschall who led his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 with the Duke of Wellington.

Anton von Schmerling

This brought him into opposition to the party of Prussian supremacy; and when they attained a majority, he resigned, and was succeeded by Heinrich von Gagern.

After the abortive election of king Frederick William IV of Prussia to be emperor, he, with the other Austrians, left Frankfurt.

Bernhard Heinrich Overberg

In 1816 he was made a consistorial - and school counsellor, in 1823, honorary rector of the cathedral, and in 1826, shortly before his death, Oberconsistorialrat of the Evangelical Church in Prussia.

The village schools at that time were very poor; in Prussia a number of discharged non-commissioned officers made a pretence of teaching, while in Westphalia, mere day labourers wielded the "stick" (of class discipline).

Budjak

Budjak was also home to a number of ethnic Germans known as Bessarabian Germans, originally from Württemberg and Prussia, who settled the region in the early 19th century, after it became part of the Russian Empire.

Calvörde Castle

The little town, along with several nearby villages, belonged to the castle and formed a Brunswick exclave in what later became Prussian territory.

Charles Cornwallis Chesney

And in the Waterloo Lectures the Prussians are for the first time credited by an English pen with their proper share in the victory.

Charles IV of Spain

However, after Napoleon's victory over Prussia in 1807, Godoy again steered Spain back onto the French side.

Charles Whitworth, 1st Earl Whitworth

Whitworth was well received by Catherine II, who was then at war with Turkey, but the harmony between the two countries was disturbed during the winter of 1790–1 by William Pitt's subscription to the view of the Prussian government that the three allies – England, Prussia, and Holland — could not with impunity allow the balance of power in Eastern Europe to be disturbed.

Chief fireman

In imperial Prussia, the title was known as brandmeister (from German Brand - "fire" and Meister - literally "master") and was the police officer, the chief of one of city fire-fighting crews.

Count Leopold Joseph von Daun

The union of the relieving army with the forces of Prince Charles at Prague reduced Daun to the position of second in command, and in that capacity he took part in the pursuit of the Prussians and the victory of Breslau.

Divorce

The Enlightened absolutist, King Frederick II ("the Great") of Prussia enshrined a new divorce law in 1752, in which marriage was declared to be a purely private concern, allowing divorce to be granted on the basis of mutual consent.

Earl of Malmesbury

The son of the grammarian and politician James Harris, he served as Ambassador to Spain, Prussia, Russia and France and also represented Christchurch in the House of Commons.

Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick

Bismarck did this because the duke had never formally renounced his claims to the kingdom of Hanover, which had been annexed to Prussia in 1866 following the end of the Austro-Prussian War (Hanover had sided with losing Austria).

Erwin Planck

In August 1939, a group including Prussian Finance Minister Johannes Popitz, Planck, and Reichsbank president Hjalmar Schacht approached General Georg Thomas, head of the Defence Economy and Armament Office asking him to do something to thwart the outbreak of the forthcoming war.

Francis Palmes

From February 1708 Palmes travelled extensively, undertaking mission to the United Provinces, Hanover, Prussia, Vienna and Savoy in order to concert measures with the allies.

Germany–Greece relations

Greece and Prussia established diplomatic relations in 1834, the same year both countries exchanged embassies.

Gertrud Elisabeth Mara

She was permanently engaged for the Prussian court in Berlin, but her marriage to a debauched celllist named Mara created difficulties, and in 1780 she was released.

Government Delegation for Poland

The Bureau's main task was to document the Polish claims on German lands east of the Oder river and the area of Prussia as well as planning of their post-war development.

Gustaf Douglas

Gustaf Archibald Siegwart Douglas (born 3 March 1938) is the oldest son of count Carl Ludvig Douglas (26 July 1908 Stjärnorp - 21 January 1961 Rio de Janeiro), a Swedish nobleman and diplomat who was Royal Swedish Ambassador to Brazil, and his Prussian wife Ottora Maria Haas-Heye (13 February 1910 Partenkirchen - 17 July 2001).

Heinrich Alexander von Arnim

Heinrich Alexander (from 1841 Freiherr) von Arnim(-Suckow) (born 13 February 1798 in Berlin; died 5 January 1861 in Düsseldorf) was a Prussian statesman.

On the same day he took office as Foreign Minister of Prussia in the government that was led first by Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg, then by Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen; this government already resigned on 20 June, however.

Heinrich Wilhelm von Werther

Heinrich August Alexander Wilhelm von Werther (born 7 August 1772 in Königsberg; died 7 December 1859 in Berlin) was a Prussian diplomat and Foreign Minister from 1837 to 1841.

Iron armour

One well known example of cast-iron armour for land use is the Gruson turret, first tested by the Prussian government in 1868.

Johanna von Puttkamer

Johanna Friederike Charlotte Dorothea Eleonore von Puttkamer (11 April 1824 – 27 November 1894) was a Prussian noblewoman, also known as Johanna von Bismarck.

John George, Elector of Brandenburg

Upon the death of his kinsman Albert I, Duke of Prussia in 1568, the Duchy of Prussia was inherited by the latter's underage son Albert Frederick.

Kaliopa House

According to a legend, the house was bestowed upon the beautiful Kaliopa (born Maria Kalish), the wife of the Prussian consul Kalish, by the governor of the Danubian Vilayet, Midhat Pasha, who was in love with her.

Karl Ernst Jarcke

Karl Ernst Jarcke (10 November 1801, Danzig, Prussia – 27 December 1852, Vienna) was a German publisher and professor of criminal law, who took a conservative stance towards revolutionary movements in the early nineteenth century.

Kornel Ujejski

Ujejski was involved in Poland's struggle for independence after it had been partitioned and erased from the map of Europe by neighbouring countries (Russian Empire, Prussia and Austrian Empire).

La Terre

The war with Prussia had just broken out, and Jean, disgusted with his life, again enlisted in the service of his country.

Legend of the Galactic Heroes

Within the Galactic Empire, based on mid 19th century Prussia, an ambitious military genius, Reinhard von Müsel, is rising to power.

Leichhardt Highway

It is named after Prussian explorer Ludwig Leichhardt who travelled a route in the 19th Century that roughly parallels today's highway.

Louis Gurlitt

Being from Holsten he chose the German side in the conflicts in 1848 and 1864, when Prussia won the war and Schleswig-Holstein which was under the reign of the Danish king.

Marie-Luise Gothein

Marie-Luise Gothein (1863–1931) was a Prussian scholar, gardener and author.

Melbourne Hebrew Congregation

The 1850s saw the arrival of some 300 Jewish families from London and the Province of Posen, Prussia to Melbourne, prompting the construction of a new larger synagogue on the Bourke Street site.

Musket Model 1777

7 million muskets were produced, including variants 1800 (an IX), 1816 and 1822, but not including muskets like the Austrian 1798 or the Prussian 1809, which were mere clones of the French 1777.

Ōshima Yoshimasa

In 1887 he became chief of staff of the Tokyo Garrison and following the reorganization of the Imperial Japanese Army under the advice of Prussian military advisor Jakob Meckel, he became chief of staff of the IJA 1st Division.

Siegfried Dehn

Dehn threw himself into cataloging the collection, bringing it into order and adding to it copiously from libraries all over Prussia.

Sønderborg Castle

After the war of 1864, the province and the castle became Prussian property and served as barracks from 1867 until the area was reunified with Denmark in 1920.

Staffort

During the 18th and 19th centuries nearly 100 inhabitants left the village to relocate in America, Austria, Denmark, Hungary, Jutland, Prussia, Russia, Serbia and Styria.

Sweden–Ukraine relations

Finally an agreement was signed between Sweden and three Ukrainian commanders (Ivan Bohun, the leader of the Ukrainian Protestants Yuri Nemyrych and Ivan Kovalivsky) on 6 October 1657 in Korsun where Sweden acknowledged the Ukrainian borders all the way to Wisła in the west and Prussia in the north.

The World Moves On

The story opens 185 years ago when two families, cotton merchants in England and America, with branches in France and Prussia swear to stand by each other in a belief that a great business firmly established in four countries will be able to withstand even such another calamity as the Napoleonic Wars from which Europe is slowly recovering.


Alexandra of Glucksburg

Princess Alexandra Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1887–1957), wife of Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia

Anne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia

Margaret of Thuringia (1449 – 13 July 1501), who married John II, Elector of Brandenburg, and whose direct main heirs have been Electors of Brandenburg, then Kings of Prussia, and then German Emperors.

Austro-Prussian War

The war left Prussia dominant in German politics (since Austria was now excluded from Germany and no longer the top German state), and German nationalism would compel the remaining independent states to ally with Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, and then to accede to the crowning of King Wilhelm as German Emperor.

Battle of Hennersdorf

The Battle of Hennersdorf, sometimes referred to as Catholic-Hennersdorf, was a minor encounter that took place on November 23, 1745 in Katholisch-Hennersdorf in Silesia (Prussia, present-day Poland) during the War of the Austrian Succession.

Berlin, Wisconsin

It was named Berlin after the capital of Prussia, now the capital of Germany.

Berliner Singakademie

The Sing-Akademie zu Berlin is a musical (originally choral) society founded in Berlin in 1791 by Carl Friedrich Christian Fasch, harpsichordist to the court of Prussia, on the model of the 18th century London Academy of Ancient Music.

Carl Severing

He was Interior Minister of Prussia from 1920 to 1926, Minister of the Interior from 1928 to 1930 and Interior Minister of Prussia again from 1930 to 1932.

Charles Sprague Pearce

He received medals at the Paris Salon and elsewhere, and was made Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor, decorated with the Order of Leopold, Belgium, the Order of the Red Eagle, Prussia, and the Order of the Dannebrog, Denmark.

Christoph Hartknoch

Hartknoch's extensive scientific body of works contributed greatly to knowledge of Prussia, Pomerania, Samogitia, Courland, and Poland.

Dillinger Hütte

These developments brought the factory to the forefront as Prussia's largest black and tin plate producer.

Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Her niece Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, daughter of Duke Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, married Frederick William III of Hohenzollern in 1793 and became queen consort of Prussia in 1797.

Eastland Company

By the first article, the company was erected into a body politic, under the title of the Company of Merchants of the East; to consist of Englishmen, all practicing merchants, who have trafficked through the sound, before the year 1568, into Norway, Sweden, Poland, Livonia, Prussia, Pomerania, etc., and likewise Revel, Königsberg, Dantzic, Copenhagen, etc., excepting Narva, Muscovy, and its dependencies.

Elbing, Kansas

The railroad wanted to call the town Regier but Mr. Regier suggested three other possibilities: Elbing, Danzig and Marienburg, all cities in Prussia where he had lived.

Emilie Snethlage

Maria Emilie Snethlage was born in Kraatz (now part of Gransee) in the Province of Brandenburg, Prussia, and educated privately at her father's house (Rev. Emil Snethlage).

German town law

Magdeburg law was popular around the March of Meißen and Upper Saxony and was the source of several variants, including Neumarkt-Magdeburg law (Środa Śląska), used extensively in Upper Silesia, and Kulm law, used in the territory of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia and along the lower Vistula in Eastern Pomerania.

Hanoverian princess

Despite Hanover's annexation by Prussia in 1866, male-line descendants of George III continue to style themselves as a prince or princess of Hanover.

Henry of Stolberg-Wernigerode

Count Henry was canon of the cathedral in Halberstadt, Knight of the Prussian Royal Order of the Black Eagle and a member of the Order of Saint John.

History of Katowice

Following the annexation of Silesia by Prussia in the middle of 18th century, a slow migration of German merchants began to the area, which, until then was inhabited primarily by a Polish population.

Horst Caspar

In 1943 Caspar was engaged by the director Veit Harlan to play the young August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, who in 1807 defended the Prussian fortress town of Kolberg against the French during the Napoleonic Wars, in Kolberg, an epic film produced on the orders of Goebbels.

Jean Roemer

At the close of the war he visited the great military establishments of France, Prussia, and Austria, and completed his studies in Lombardy under the guidance and auspices of Field-Marshal Count Radetzky.

Johann Baptist Alzog

He defended with ardour the Archbishop of that city, Martin von Dunin, during his persecution by the Prussian government, became vicar-capitular, professor and regens at Hildesheim in 1845, and in 1853 was appointed to the chair of Church History in the University of Freiburg (Breisgau); at the same time he was appointed an ecclesiastical councillor (geistlicher Rat).

Kaiser-Walzer

The waltz was originally titled Hand in Hand and was intended as a toast made in August of that year by Austrian emperor Franz Josef on the occasion of his visit to the German Kaiser Wilhelm II where it was symbolic as a 'toast of friendship' extended by Austria to Germany.

Kaisermarsch

The victory in the Franco-Prussian War and the consequent proclamation of William I, King of Prussia, as German Emperor spurred patriotism and incited several German composers to write patriotic music dedicated to the nation and the new empire.

Kehdingen

Until 1932 there was a Prussian district known as Land Kehdingen, and until 1975 there was an Evangelical-Lutheran parish of Kehdingen with its base in Drochtersen, which was absorbed on 1 January 1976 into the parish of Stade.

Kemna concentration camp

These "big shots", as the SA called them, included Heinrich Hirtsiefer, a former Prussian Vice Minister President, Wilhelm Bökenkrüger, a former director of the Wuppertal employment office, and Georg Petersdorff, the secretary of the Düsseldorf and Cologne Reichsbanner Gaue.

Klara Löbenstein

Löbenstein was born in Hildesheim, Prussia on February 15, 1883 to merchant Lehmann Löbenstein and his wife Sofie (née Schönfeld).

Landkreis Kolberg-Körlin

After Prussia was effectively absorbed into the Third Reich following the Preußenschlag, Prussia and its districts, like all other German states under Hitler, was stripped of all genuine powers and were reduced to mere administrative units.

Lands of Bogston

Robert Montgomerie Borland as the only son of Robert Wilson Montgomery's sister Mary Borland, married Charlotte Roche and their son Robert Borland Montgomerie, having taken his grand-uncle's surname, inherited Bogston but lived at Malmedy in Prussia and only visited once in 1842.

Leo August Pochhammer

Leo August Pochhammer (25 August 1841, Stendal – 24 March 1920, Kiel) was a Prussian mathematician who was educated in Berlin, obtaining his Ph.D. in 1863 under Ernst Kummer.

Leser Landshuth

He went to Berlin as a youth to study Jewish theology, and there he became acquainted with Leopold Zunz and Abraham Geiger, the latter of whom was then staying in that city in order to become naturalized in Prussia.

Lord John series

Set in 1758, the story finds Lord John in Prussia serving as the English liaison officer to the First Regiment of Hanoverian Foot.

Norway in 1814

He learned that Prussia and Austria were waning in their support of Sweden's claims to Norway, that Tsar Alexander I of Russia (a distant cousin of Christian Frederik's) favored a Swedish-Norwegian union but not with Bernadotte as the king, and that the United Kingdom was looking for a solution to the problem that would keep Norway out of Russia's influence.

Old Western Pomerania

The name Old Western Pomerania was first used when that area of Swedish Pomerania that had been remained with Sweden after the Treaty of Stockholm, later transferred to Prussia under the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and was named New Western Pomerania.

Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania

After the war, the Swedish Empire and Brandenburg-Prussia succeeded the Griffin dukes in the Peace of Westphalia (1648) and divided it in the Treaty of Stettin (1653) into a Swedish Pomerania and a Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania.

Princess Irene

Princess Irene, Duchess of Aosta (1904 – 1974), daughter of Constantine I of Greece and his wife, the former Princess Sophie of Prussia

Retterath

Under Prussian administration, Retterath was a municipality in the Bürgermeisterei (“Mayoralty”) of Kelberg in the Adenau district.

Rosthern Junior College

Many came from Manitoba, but others arrived directly from colonies in Russia, from the Danzig region of Prussia and from Kansas, Nebraska and Minnesota where they had settled in the 1870s.

Royal Hanoverian State Railways

The Göttingen–Arenshausen and NortheimEllrich lines were not completed until after the transfer of the Hanoverian State Railways to Prussia after the War of 1866.

Rudolf Diels

Göring was made minister for Prussia in 1933, replacing Carl Severing, and was impressed with Diels' work and new-found commitment to the Nazi Party.

Santa Isabel, Espírito Santo

As part of this program the first 39 families from North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate (then known as Rheinpreussen in German or Prússia Renana in Portuguese, today those names are only historical), arrived to Vitória on the 21 of December 1846, first they settled in Viana but in 1857 most families followed on to found Santa Isabel Colony in the 27th of January 1857.

Third Partition of Poland

These Polish nationalists participated in uprisings against Austria, Prussia, and Russia in former Polish lands, and many would serve France as part of Napoleon’s armies.

Treaty of Sistova

With the Turkish war ended, Austria joined with Prussia in the Declaration of Pillnitz on August 27.

War of the First Coalition

These powers initiated a series of invasions of France by land and sea, with Prussia and Austria attacking from the Austrian Netherlands and the Rhine, and Great Britain supporting revolts in provincial France and laying siege to Toulon.

William Rosenau

William Rosenau (1865, Wollstein, Province of Posen, Prussia - 1943, United States) was a leader of Reform Judaism in the beginning of the twentieth century in the United States.

Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki

Polish forces, 15,000 strong, were defeated by a combined Prussian and Russian army, some 27,000 strong.

Zollverein

The original agreements that set the foundation for Zollverein cemented economic ties between the various Prussian and Hohenzollern territories, and ensured economic contact between the non-contiguous holdings of the Hohenzollern family, which was also the ruling family of Prussia.