Aramaic Gospel hypothesis (also known as the Proto-Gospel hypothesis), of a lost Aramaic source gospel
Hebrew Gospel hypothesis, traditions of a version of Matthew's gospel supposed to have been written by him “in the Hebrew language” (Papias)
Jerome appears to have assigned these quotations to the Gospel of the Hebrews, but it appears more likely that there were at least two and probably three ancient Jewish-Christian gospels, only one of them in a Semitic language.
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J. J. Griesbach (Commentatio, 1794) treated this as the first of three source theories as solutions to the synoptic problem, following (1) the traditional Augustinian utilization hypothesis, as (2) the original gospel hypothesis or proto-gospel hypothesis, (3) the fragment hypothesis (Koppe 1793); and (4) the oral gospel hypothesis or tradition hypothesis (Herder 1797).
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