In the 2004 general election, Llamazares was elected Deputy for Madrid (as it is tradition for the Prime Ministerial Candidates of the national parties to be candidates for Madrid) but IU obtained its worst result ever with only 3 seats in Congress (5 in coalition with Initiative for Catalonia Greens).
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Firstly, they announced that they would stand in the election in coalition with Initiative for Catalonia Greens–United and Alternative Left, but eventually stood on their own.
In response, four of the six political parties in the Catalan parliament—Convergence and Union, the Catalan Socialists, Republican Left of Catalonia, and Catalan green party—and that represented 88% of the popular vote reached an agreement to fight together at the Spanish Senate to reform the Constitutional Court of Spain, and hopefully nullify the possibility of an overturn of the Catalan Statute of Autonomy.