In 1671, upon the death of Sebastian de Herrera, he was appointed court painter to the queen (pintor de cámara) and began to paint primarily portraits.
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He came to the notice of Velázquez for his work in the cloister of Doña María de Aragón and in the church of El Rosario.
San Juan | Juan Carlos I of Spain | Don Juan | Santurce, San Juan, Puerto Rico | Juan Gabriel | Miranda Richardson | Miranda July | Juan Perón | Juan Pablo Montoya | Miranda | Strait of Juan de Fuca | Juan Ramón Jiménez | Juan Luna | San Juan, Metro Manila | San Juan Islands | San Juan, Argentina | San Juan del Sur | Juan Manuel Santos | Juan Gris | Juan | Carmen Miranda | Old San Juan | Juan Mónaco | Juan Luis Guerra | Juan de Padilla | San Juan de la Maguana | Miranda Kerr | Miranda de Ebro | Juan Martín del Potro | Juan López de Padilla |
In 1679, he was sent to Paris with his brothers Gaspar and José to take the newly crowned Queen Marie Louise of Orléans her bridal gifts which consisted of a painting by Juan Carreño de Miranda of Charles II of Spain.
Pietro da Cortona, Salvator Rosa, and Carlo Maratti assisted him with their counsels; but the climate of Italy proving detrimental to his health, he returned to Spain, where he attached himself to Carreño, and, though far advanced in the art, worked as a young pupil.
Some of the most distinguished painters of the time, such as Josef Leonardo, Antonio Pereda, Antonio Anias, and Juan Careño, were educated in his school, called the School of Madrid, which was distinguished for its extraordinary and masterly colouring.
A colorful portrait of Pyotr Potemkin by Spanish painter Juan Carreño de Miranda is on display in Museo del Prado in Madrid.