Ataíde directed the establishment captaincies of Brazil along with his cousin, Martim Afonso de Sousa, the first royal governor of the new territory, and the king himself.
Nilópolis was part of the hereditary captainship of São Vicente that belonged to Martim Afonso de Sousa in 1531.
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Within a system of royal patronage and nepotism, five of the captaincies were given to two cousins of finance minister António de Ataíde: Martim Afonso de Sousa and his brother Pero Lopes.
His granddaughters and their descendants married Portuguese noblemen that led the colonization of São Paulo under Martim Afonso de Sousa, including Jorge Ferreira, Domingos Luiz (a knight of the Order of Christ), and Tristão de Oliveira, son of capitão-mor Antonio de Oliveira and Genebra Leitão de Vasconcelos, both of important noble families.