X-Nico

Regiment of Hibernia

Known by many in Spain as "O'Neill's Regiment", it was formed in 1710 from some of the many Irishmen who fled their own country in the wake of the Flight of the Earls and the penal laws and who became known as the Wild Geese a name which has become synonymous in modern times for Irish soldiers throughout the world.

The Peeler and the Goat

The Penal Laws had been passed with the intent of persecuting the Irish Catholic population and Sir Robert Peel had been appointed Secretary of Ireland by the British Government in 1812.

see also

Cisalpine Club

The two chief leaders were Lord Petre and Sir John Throckmorton, both members of old recusant families, who had suffered much in times past under the Penal Laws.

Eibhlín Dubh Ní Chonaill

His family wished him to be buried in Kilcrea Friary, but burial in monastic ground was forbidden at that time under the penal laws.

Qualified Chapel

A Qualified Chapel in eighteenth and nineteenth century Scotland was an Episcopal congregation that worshipped liturgically but accepted the Hanoverian monarchy and thereby "qualified" under the Scottish Episcopalians Act 1711 for exemption from the penal laws against the Episcopal Church of Scotland .