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4 unusual facts about penal transportation


Burton baronets

The fourth and last Baronet was imprisoned for debt in 1710 and following conviction for theft in 1722 was transported.

Kalpana Datta

In the second supplementary trial of Chittagong armoury raid case, Kalpana was sentenced to transportation for life.

Penal transportation

It was later adapted into several other media including an opera by Philip Glass.

Wool, Dorset

It has a stone halfway along it stating that those who deface or damage the bridge will be transported (sent to Australia or another penal colony) for the rest of their lives.


Australia–United States relations

The penal colonies of Australia were actually a redirect from the Thirteen Colonies, for indentured and penal transportation for debtors was officially first begun in the Province of Georgia.

Hohenasperg

In May 1940, the prison was used as a way station for families during the first centrally planned deportation of Sinti and Roma out of southwest Germany, west of the Rhine River (Mainz, Ingelheim, Worms).

Macken

One of them, Ignatius McManus, was hanged and most of the remainder were transported to Botany Bay, Australia.

Penitentiary Act

The Act was drafted by the prison reformer John Howard and the jurist William Blackstone and recommended imprisonment as an alternative sentence to death or transportation.

Riot Act

The death penalty created by sections 1 and 4 and 5 of the Act was reduced to transportation for life by section 1 of the Punishment of Offences Act (1837).

Six Acts

The Training Prevention Act, now known as the Unlawful Drilling Act 1819, (60 Geo. III & 1 Geo. IV c. 1) made any person attending a meeting for the purpose of receiving training or drill in weapons liable to arrest and transportation.

Surgeon-superintendent

A Surgeon-Superintendent was a position, held by a surgeon officer of the Royal Navy, on board convict transport ship and ships transporting indentured labour, with overall authority in all non-nautical matters.


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