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unusual facts about Plio-Pleistocene



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Pleistocene |

1885 in archaeology

In Wales, at Ffynnon Beuno Cave, Tremeirchion, Denbighshire, the cave complex is excavated: occupational evidence includes Aurignacian and proto-Solutrean flint work plus Pleistocene fauna (Palaeolithic, Old Stone Age).

Alpine ibex

Fossils of Alpine ibex date back to the late Pleistocene, when it and the Spanish ibex probably evolved from the extinct Pleistocene species Capra camburgensis.

Biodiversity of Borneo

During Pleistocene glacial maxima, the sea level was lower than at present and the islands of the Sunda shelf (Sumatra, Borneo and Java) and the Asian mainland were connected by lowlands traversed by rivers.

Bonneville cutthroat trout

Bonneville cutthroats are descended from cutthroat trout that once inhabited the Late Pleistocene-aged Lake Bonneville of Utah, eastern Nevada, and southern Idaho.

Cesare Emiliani

He was further honored by receiving the Vega Medal of the Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography (SSAG) (Swedish: Svenska Sällskapet för Antropologi och Geografi) in 1983, and the Alexander Agassiz Medal of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1989 for his isotopic studies on Pleistocene and Holocene planktic foraminifera.

Charles M. Wheatley

He is noted for identifying several new fossilized species, some of which bear his name, and for his connection to the Port Kennedy Bone Cave, which contained one of the most important middle Pleistocene (Irvingtonian, approximately 750,000 years ago) fossil deposits in North America.

Clevelin Hills

To the northeast they are composed mostly of Lower Pleistocene or older fanglomerate underlain by Cretaceous grandiorite.

Common Gallinule

In addition to the extant subspecies listed below, there is a Pleistocene population known from fossils: the larger, stout and long-winged paleosubspecies G. g. brodkorbi is known from the Ichetucknee River deposits in Florida.

Conus californicus

Fossils of Conus californicus have been recovered from the Late Pleistocene strata of Isla Vista, California.

Cordova, Cebu

The surface of the town consists entirely of Karst limestone rock geologically associated with the so-called Carcar Formation, and is dated to the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary (approx. 3-2 million years ago).

Cumberland Bone Cave

Skeletons of the Pleistocene Cave Bear and an extinct Saber-toothed cat from the Bone Cave are on permanent exhibit in the Ice Age Mammal exhibit at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC.

Dormouse

During the Pleistocene, giant dormice the size of large rats, such as Leithia melitensis, lived on the islands of Malta and Sicily.

European Ice Age leopard

These leopards, attributed to the subspecies P. p. begoueni, were replaced about 600.000 years Before Present by P. p. sickenbergi,which lived until the middle Pleistocene in Europe.

Gerard Spaink

"The stratigraphical range of Macoma balthica (l.) Bivalvia, Tellinacea in Pleistocene of the Netherlands and eastern England".

Giant Malleefowl

It was described from Plio-Pleistocene deposits at the Darling Downs and Chinchilla in south-east Queensland by Charles De Vis, who erected the genus Progura for it.

Hurcott Farm

At this site heavily cemented Pleistocene terrace gravels of the River Cary have yielded an abundant freshwater and terrestrial molluscan fauna.

Icterid

Prehistoric icterid genera that have been described from Pleistocene fossil remains are Pandanaris from Rancho La Brea

Indigenous peoples in Colombia

Anthropologist Tom Dillehay dates the earliest hunter-gatherer cultures on the continent at almost 10,000 BC, during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene periods.

Jean-Baptiste Noulet

In 1851, at Clermont-le-Fort, he discovered the remains of Pleistocene fauna, along with the presence of lithic artifacts, findings that seemingly proved the co-existence of Pleistocene animals with humans, and in essence, confirmed ideas that were earlier proposed by prehistorian Jacques Boucher de Perthes (1788-1868).

Jürgen Haffer

From his studies on the Amazonian avifauna, he authored several papers on Neotropical ornithology and devised his Amazonian refugia theory to explain the rapid diversification of the Neotropical fauna in Pleistocene times.

La Meseta Formation

The top of the sequence is an erosional unconformity to Pleistocene glacial gravels.

Lynx

The four living species of the Lynx genus are believed to have evolved from the "Issoire lynx", which lived in Europe and Africa during the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene.

North Island Robin

It was once considered a subspecies of the New Zealand Robin of South and Stewart Islands, but mitochondrial DNA sequences have shown that the two lineages split prior to the Pleistocene and supported the split into two species.

Oraristrix

Oraristix brea, the Brea Owl, is the an extinct owl reported from the upper Pleistocene asphalt deposits of Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California.

The Brea Owl has also been found in the upper Pleistocene asphalt deposits of Carpinteria, California.

P. crassidens

Panthera crassidens, an extinct leopard species that lived during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene in Africa

Panamint Valley

During pluvial periods of the Pleistocene, inflow from a chain of streams and lakes to the northwest sustained a large lake that overflowed into Lake Manly in Death Valley.

Panthera leo fossilis

With a maximum head and body length of 2.40 meters, which is about half a meter longer than today's African lions, Panthera leo fossilis was almost as big as the American lion from the Upper Pleistocene.

Pastonian Stage

The Pastonian interglacial, now called the Pastonian Stage (from Paston, Norfolk), is the name for an early or middle Pleistocene stage used in the British Isles.

Pleistocene

According to Mark Lynas (through collected data), the Pleistocene's overall climate could be characterized as a continuous El Niño with trade winds in the south Pacific weakening or heading east, warm air rising near Peru, warm water spreading from the west Pacific and the Indian Ocean to the east Pacific, and other El Niño markers.

Charles Lyell introduced this term in 1839 to describe strata in Sicily that had at least 70% of their molluscan fauna still living today.

Pleistocene megafauna

Pleistocene Australia supported large Short-faced kangaroo (Procoptodon goliah), Diprotodon (a giant wombat), the Marsupial Lion (Thylacoleo carnifex), the flightless birds Genyornis and Dromornis, the 5-meter snake Wonambi and the giant lizard, the megalania.

Pre-Pastonian Stage

The Pre-Pastonian Stage or Baventian Stage (from Easton Bavents in Suffolk), is the name for an early Pleistocene stage used in the British Isles.

Presumpscot Formation

The Presumpscot formation is a late Pleistocene glacial deposit of predominantly submarine clays, located along the Maine and New Hampshire coast and inland along their major river valleys.

Procapra

The oldest fossils belonging to the genus Procapra date from the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene of central Asia, which was wetter and warmer then than now.

Red hartebeest

The genus Alcelaphus is suggested to have evolved and diversified due to climate variability over a range of habitats in the Pleistocene era.

Richard Gilbert West

As a research student, he was supervised by Harry Godwin, Director of the Subdepartment of Quaternary Research and investigated the now classic study of the stratigraphy and palynology of the Middle Pleistocene interglacial lake deposits at Hoxne, Suffolk.

Semisulcospira

"野尻湖層産カワニナ胎児殼化石について : 現生カワニナとの比較研究 "On the fossil embryonic shell of Semisulcospira libertina (GOULD) (Mesogastropoda: Pleuroceridae) from the latest Pleistocene Nojiri-ko Formation, Nagano Prefecture, Central Japan: A comparative study of recent and fossil Semisulcospira".

Struthio

Struthio dmanisensis, Giant Ostrich (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of Dmanisi, Georgia)

Teratornis

All remains except one Early Pleistocene partial skeleton from the Leisey Shell Pit near Charlotte Harbor, Florida (which may represent a different species or a subspecies) date from the Late Pleistocene, with the youngest remains dating from the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary.

Vertigo pseudosubstriata

Vertigo pseudosubstriata was first identified as a Pleistocene fossil in the Weichselian loess of Dolní Věstonice (Moravia, Czech Republic).

Viator picis

Viator picis is an extinct genus and species of lapwing (Charadriiformes; Charadriidae; Vanellinae) known only from the upper Pleistocene asphalt deposits known as the Talara Tar Seeps, which are found near Talara, northwestern Peru.

Waco Mammoth Site

The Waco Mammoth Site is an paleontological site and museum in Waco, Texas, United States where paleontologists uncovered fossils of twenty-two Columbian mammoths (Mammuthus columbi) and other mammals from the Pleistocene Epoch.

Z. robustus

Zaglossus robustus, an extinct long-beaked echidna species from the Pleistocene of Tasmania

Zaniolepis

Z. frenata is known to have been a source of food to the Native American inhabitants of San Nicolas Island off the coast of southern California, USA during the Pleistocene.


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