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38 unusual facts about Sumatra


Allocota viridipennis

Allocota viridipennis is a species of either brownish-green or reddish-blue coloured ground beetle in the Lebiinae subfamily that can be found in such Indonesian islands as Borneo, Java and Sumatra.

Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper

The trip lasted 9 months during which time they visited the Canary Islands, Cameroon, Cape Town, (where he joined Rudolf Marloth on collecting trips in the southern Cape), Kerguelen, New Amsterdam and Cocos Islands, Sumatra, the Maldives, Ceylon, the Seychelles and the Red Sea.

Beringia

Other land bridges around the world have emerged and disappeared in the same way; approximately 14,000 years ago, mainland Australia was linked to both New Guinea and Tasmania, the British Isles formed an extension of continental Europe via the dry beds of the English Channel and North Sea, and the dry basin of the South China Sea linked Sumatra, Java and Borneo to the Asian mainland.

Bettie de Jong

Bettie de Jong (born May 1, 1933 in Sumatra, Indonesia) is a Dutch rehearsal director and former lead dancer at the Paul Taylor Dance Company.

Biodiversity of Borneo

During Pleistocene glacial maxima, the sea level was lower than at present and the islands of the Sunda shelf (Sumatra, Borneo and Java) and the Asian mainland were connected by lowlands traversed by rivers.

Bronisław Huberman

The following year, his career nearly ended as a result of an airplane accident in Sumatra in which his wrist and two fingers of his left hand were broken.

Caffè Americano

This is particularly used of lighter coffees and roasts not generally associated with espresso, such as beans of Ethiopian or Sumatran origins.

Carel van Schaik

His book Among Orangutans: Red Apes and the Rise of Human Culture tells the story of his discovery of a group of orangutans in northern Sumatra and the challenge their tool use and sociality pose to theories of primatology and the insights they offer into key moments in human evolution.

Charles Dillon Perrine

Between 1900 and 1908, he accompanied four eclipse expeditions and was in charge of the one sent from Lick Observatory to Sumatra in 1901.

Charles S. Cockell

In 1993 Cockell piloted a modified microlight aircraft over the rainforests of Sumatra, Indonesia designed for catching moths over the canopy.

Constantia, Cape Town

In 1661, during the Dutch conquest of Sumatra, Sheik Abdurachman Matebe Shah and his companion Sheikh Mahmoud were banished to Constantia by the Dutch.

Diamella cupreomicans

In China it can be found found in such provinces as Guangxi, Hainan, and Yunnan, while in Indonesia it is found on Borneo, Java and Sumatra islands.

Hornbill ivory

Hornbill ivory (also called "golden jade") is a precious ornamental material derived from the Helmeted Hornbill (Buceros vigil), a large bird of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo.

Hutan Pinus/Janthoi Nature Reserve

The Hutan Pinus/Janthoi Nature Reserve is a restricted nature reserve located near the city of Kota Jantho in the north west tip of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.

Indian Overseas Bank

The bank served the Nattukottai Chettiars, who were a mercantile class that at the time had spread from Chettinad in Tamil Nadu state to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Burma (Myanmar), Malaya, Singapore, Java, Sumatra, and Saigon.

J. Grant Anderson

From 1929 through 1939, Anderson toured with his company through India, Burma, Ceylon, China, Japan, Kashmir, Afghanistan, Java, and Sumatra.

Johannes Rahder

Rahder was born in the Dutch East Indies, where his father was governor of the west coast of Sumatra.

Martin Kalbfleisch

At the age of eighteen embarked with an American captain to engage in trading in Sumatra, but returned on account of cholera.

Marzuki Usman

Usman was born the fourth of nine children in Mersam, Batanghari, Sumatra in 1943 during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia from a union between his father, H. Usman Abul, of Minangkabau descent and his mother, Cholijah, who was Malayu.

Nino Bixio

On 16 December 1873, he died of cholera at Aceh Bay in Sumatra en route for Batavia (modern day Jakarta), where he was slated to take command of a commercial expedition.

Operation Culverin

Operation Culverin was a planned operation in World War II, in which Allied troops would recapture the northern tip of Sumatra (the present day province of Aceh) from the Japanese.

Operation Meridian

During World War II, Operation Meridian was a series of British air attacks conducted on 24 January (Meridian One) and 29 January (Meridian Two) 1945 on Japanese-held oil refineries at Palembang, on Sumatra.

On 29 January, the second raid, Operation Meridian Two, an air strike against the oil refinery at Soengei Gerong, Sumatra, took place.

Orang Pendek

The Suku Anak Dalam ("Children of the Inner-forest")--also known as Orang Kubu, Orang Batin Simbilan, or Orang Rimba—are groups of nomadic people who have traditionally lived throughout the lowland forests of Jambi and South Sumatra.

Orang Pendek (Indonesian for "short person") is the most common name given to a cryptid, or cryptozoological animal, that reportedly inhabits remote, mountainous forests on the island of Sumatra.

Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve

The park has a total area of 750 km², and is located in the province of South Sumatra.

Padang-Sugihan Wildlife Reserve is a Wildlife Sanctuary in Sumatra, Indonesia.

Pat Darling

She was one of the Australian nurses taken prisoner by the Japanese in Sumatra during World War II.

Raymond LeRoy Archer

In 1924 he transferred to the Sumatra Mission Conference, serving as Superintendent of the Sumatra Mission, 1924-29.

Robert H. Brill

Brill also collaborated with Mckinnon to conduct chemical analyses of some glass samples from Sumatra, Indonesia, the results of which would be the ‘first data of their kind from this island’ (1987, 1).

Royal Golden Eagle

The lack of adequate source of raw material resulted in deforestation, illegal logging and land conflicts in Sumatra.

APRIL built large pulp mill in Sumatra before tree plantations with funding from commercial banks and financial institutions, including ABN AMRO, Barclays, Credit Suisse First Boston, Deutsche Bank, Dresdner Bank, HypoVereinsbank and Commerzbank.

Seikichi Toguchi

Toguchi continued his full-time study of karate until the beginning of World War II, when he was drafted into the army as an electrical engineer and stationed in Sumatra, Indonesia.

Selebar

Selebar is a small port town on the southwest coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.

Sergio Dorantes

and the effect of modern technology on the livelihood of the traditional weavers of Lake Toba, Sumatra.

Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation

Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation, known as TWNC is a 45,000 hectare forest and 14,082 hectare marine conservation area located on the southern tip of Sumatra, in a remote area where no public transportation is available.

Tarzan and the Foreign Legion

While serving in the R.A.F. under his civilian name of John Clayton, Tarzan is shot down over the island of Sumatra in the Japanese-occupied Dutch East Indies.

Tiger Airways Holdings

Tigerair Mandala started operations on Thursday 5 April 2012, with one domestic route between its home base Jakarta and Medan, the capital of North Sumatra.


21st Century Tiger

ZAAA zoos hold only the Sumatran tiger, unlike European zoos which have both Amur and Sumatran, and their efforts continue to be focused on projects in Sumatra.

A. marginata

Anisoptera marginata, a plant species found in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo

Aceh earthquake

2013 Aceh earthquake, magnitude 6.1 earthquake that struck the province of Aceh on the Indonesian island of Sumatra on July 2, 2013

Agung Laksono

Laksono is known for his brash condescendence and overtly harsh remarks towards Singapore, especially with regards to the island republic's diplomatic calls to the Indonesian government to curb the acrid trans-boundary haze that shrouds large areas of Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore annually as a result of extensive "slash and burn" cultivation in Sumatra, Kalimantan and other Indonesian territories.

Andreas Victor Michiels

As governor of the West Coast of Sumatra, in 1843, Michiels had a serious clash with Eduard Douwes Dekker, who was then serving as controller at Natal (now in Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatra) because of a cash budget deficit.

Arifin Bey

Arifin Bey (5 March 1925 – 2 September 2010) was born in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra in the Minangkabau heartland of West Sumatra, one year before the Communist revolt in 1926, and three years before the participants of Youth Conference in 1928 avowed themselves to be one people, the Indonesian people, constituting one nation, Indonesia, with one language Bahasa Indonesia.

Banca

Bangka Island, an island lying east of Sumatra, part of Indonesia

Battle of Penang

Two days later, the Germans stopped the British steamer Newburn and transferred the remaining Frenchmen so that they could be conveyed to Sabang, Sumatra, then part of the neutral Dutch East Indies.

Blood banana

The blood banana (Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina), is a subspecies of the wild banana Musa acuminata native to Sumatra, Indonesia.

Cryptarius truncatus

The spoonsnouted catfish (Cryptarius truncatus) is a species of sea catfish from estuaries and lower courses of rivers from the Chao Phraya to Sumatra and Java, including the lower Mekong.

Double Eagle II Airport

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, Double Eagle II is assigned AEG by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned AEG to Aek Godang Airport in Padang Sidempuan, Sumatra, Indonesia).

Fairey Barracuda

From April 1944, Barracudas of No 827 Squadron aboard Illustrious started operations against Japanese forces, taking part in raids against Sabang in Sumatra (Operation Cockpit).

Genzan Air Group

At the end of February, the unit was transferred to Bangkok and assigned to patrols over the Indian Ocean; however, facilities at Bangkok were not satisfactory and the unit was soon reassigned to Palembang in Sumatra in the Netherlands East Indies, with some aircraft dispersed to Kuching in Sarawak.

Gibbon

Gibbons occur in tropical and subtropical rainforests from northeast India to Indonesia and north to southern China, including the islands of Sumatra, Borneo, and Java.

Herbert Feith

In retirement he returned to Indonesia with Betty, teaching at Gadjah Mada University in Jakarta and Andalas University in West Sumatra, again on local salaries.

Iwaichi Fujiwara

Knowing of the long struggle of the Dutch to subdue Aceh province in northern Sumatra, and the ongoing resistance of the Acehnese period against Dutch rule, Fujiwara was ordered to make contact with the Aceh independence movements preparatory to the Japanese invasion of the Netherlands Indies.

Japanese aircraft carrier Taihō

Taihō was then moved to Lingga Roads, a naval anchorage off Sumatra, where she joined veteran carriers Shokaku and Zuikaku in the First Carrier Division, First Mobile Force.

Japanese cruiser Chōkai

After repairs, the Chōkai was once again assigned to a support role in an invasion, this time the landings at Iri, Sumatra, and the invasion of the Andaman Islands and the seizure of Port Blair a few days later.

Japanese cruiser Isuzu

In August, 1942, the Isuzu was reassigned to the Indian Ocean theatre, patrolling between Singapore, Mergui, Burma, Sabang Harbor, Sumatra and Penang, Malaya; however, on 24 August 1942, Isuzu was reassigned back to Makassar.

John Lowell Gardner II

Some of the ships included (ships are not linked): Arabia, Bunker Hill, California, Democrat, Duxbury, Eclipse, Gentleman, Grotius, Lenore, Lepanto, Lotos, Marquis de Somerulas, Mars, Monterey, Nabob, Napke, Naples, Pallas, Pioneer, Plant, Plato, Ruble, Sappho, Shawmut, St Paul, Sumatra, Thetis, Unicorn.

Jules van den Bossche

In 1859, Van den Bossche returned to the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies, serving as resident of consecutively Bangka Island and Besoeki, before becoming governor of Sumatra's West Coast in late 1862.

Matrilocal residence

Examples of matrilocal societies include the people of Ngazidja, the Ancient Pueblo Peoples of Chaco Canyon, the Nair community in Kerala in South India, the Moso of Yunnan and Sichuan in southwestern China, the Siraya of Taiwan, and the Minangkabau of western Sumatra.

Megophrys montana

Records of Megophrys montana outside this range (from Thailand southeast to Sumatra, Natuna Islands, Borneo, and the Philippines) apply to related named and unnamed species.

Nepenthes aristolochioides

In 2001, Charles Clarke performed a cladistic analysis of the Nepenthes species of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia using 70 morphological characteristics of each taxon.

Nepenthes naga

In their description of N. naga, the authors compared it to the Sumatran endemics N. ovata and N. spathulata, contending that it can be distinguished from these species on the basis of its dichotomous lid appendage and frilled lid.

Nesolagus

The Sumatran Striped Rabbit has been found in the Barisan Mountains in western Sumatra, Indonesia, and the Annamite Striped Rabbit has been found in the Annamite mountains on the border between Vietnam and Laos.

No. 232 Squadron RAF

Both echelons met up again on 2 February at Palembang in Sumatra, but a further withdrawal to Java was required following the Japanese invasion of Sumatra.

No. 8 Squadron RAAF

The amalgamated squadron continued operations throughout the month, before No. 8 Squadron handed its remaining Hudsons to No. 1 Squadron in January 1942 and was evacuated to Palembang in Sumatra where it received replacement Hudsons.

Overseas Minangkabau

He also mentioned that in the Indragiri area on the east coast of Sumatra is the central port of the Minangkabau kingdom.

Palmartona

It contains only one species, Palmartona catoxantha, which is found from Myanmar eastwards throughout Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra, Nias, Java, Bangka, Kalimantan, Sulawesi), the Philippines (Palawan) to Papua New Guinea.

Penang betta

It is native to and common in swiftly flowing forest streams of the Malay Peninsula, Cambodia, Thailand, Borneo, and Sumatra, having originally been described from a population in Penang state in Malaysia.

Peninsular Malaysia

The name "Malaya" is derived from the name of a river of a similar name found in Sumatra.

PT Kereta Api

The separate systems in Sumatra has their shops in Lahat (South Sumatra), Padang (West Sumatra) and Pulubrayan (North Sumatra).

Radermachera

The genus is named after Jacob Cornelis Matthieu Radermacher, the 18th century Dutch naturalist who cataloged much of the flora of Java and Sumatra.

Rumbai

It was founded in the early 1950s as the Sumatra headquarters of Caltex Pacific Oil Company, now known as Chevron Pacific Indonesia, on the shores of the Siak River.

Sino-Mauritian

Like members of other communities on the island, some of the earliest Chinese in Mauritius arrived involuntarily, having been "shanghaied" from Sumatra in the 1740s to work in Mauritius in a scheme hatched by the French admiral Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing; however, they soon went on strike to protest their kidnapping.

Spotted-winged fruit bat

At the edges of their range, they have also been reported from Trang Province in southern Thailand, from a small area in Sumatra, and from the Riau Archipelago.

Sumatra PDF

The graphics design of Sumatra is a tribute to the cover of the Watchmen graphic novel by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons.

Sumatran tropical pine forests

These pine forests are found on the higher slopes of Sumatra, especially in the north of the island near Lake Toba and along the Barisan Mountains including the tall Mount Leuser.

Tek Sing

On May 12, 1999, British marine salvor Michael Hatcher discovered the wreck of the Tek Sing in an area of the South China Sea north of Java, east of Sumatra and south of Singapore.

White-winged Duck

However, in 2002 it had a population of only 800, with about 200 in Laos, Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia, 150 on Sumatra, notably in Way Kambas National Park and 450 in India, Bangladesh and Burma.

Yellow teardrop butterflyfish

The Yellow teardrop butterflyfish, Chaetodon interruptus, is a butterflyfish of the family Chaetodontidae found in the Indian ocean from East Africa (south to Port Alfred, South Africa), to Sumatra, Indonesia.