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3 unusual facts about Rally for Congolese Democracy


José Endundo Bononge

Endundo joined the Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD) for a brief time before joining the Movement for the Liberation of the Congo (MLC) of Jean-Pierre Bemba in which he became one of the most influential players.

Rally for Congolese Democracy

The new RCD leadership's authority was demonstrated after the Kinshasa offensive in November 2000 was defeated at Pweto.

Sporadic fighting reported between Mai Mai elements led by commander Christophe of the 8th Military Region's 4th Brigade and ex-Armee Nationale Congolaise (former armed wing of the RCD-G) soldiers from the 8th Military Region's 11th Brigade headed by Colonel Bonne-Annee in the North Kivu localities of Bwerema, Bishange, and Bitonga (Masisi territory) beginning the week of October 24th and continuing periodically until November 5th.


Emile Ilunga

Émile Ilunga Kalambo is a politician and former leader of the Rally for Congolese Democracy–Goma (RDC-Goma) rebel movement.

Rally for Congolese Democracy–Goma

However Armée Nationale Congolaise (ANC) troops, the armed forces of the RCD-Goma, continued to occupy the city of Kanyabayonga along with local mostly Hutu militias created and directed by the North Kivu Governor Eugene Serufuli.

In January 2006 his forces attacked and occupied several towns in Rutshuru Territory in North Kivu province including Tongo, Bunagana and Rutshuru.

He soon rejected the authority of the government and retreated with some of the RCD-Goma troops to the Masisi forests in Nord Kivu.

Stressing that no party would be allowed to make military gains during the peace process, the UN demanded that the RCD immediately withdraw from Moliro and Pweto and for all other parties to withdraw to defensive positions called for in the Harare disengagement sub-plans.

The Council condemned the capture of the town of Moliro by the RCD-Goma, describing it as a major violation of the ceasefire.

On 21 June 2002, child soldiers of the pro-government Mai Mai militia entered Pweto, and RDC officials hastily left.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1399

United Nations Security Council resolution 1399, adopted unanimously on 19 March 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Council condemned the capture of the town of Moliro and other activities by the rebel Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD).


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