In virtue of his contract, Welser armed a fleet, which sailed from Sanlúcar de Barrameda early in 1528, under the command of Ambrosius Ehinger, whom he appointed captain general.
He was later made governor of Sanlúcar de Barrameda, where he died on 25 July 1794, at the age of 89.
The Spanish Royal Family eventually relented, and Beatrice and her family were allowed to return to Spain where they established their home at an estate in Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
The city is also known for the Rocio pilgrimage, one of the more popular expressions of the Roman Catholic faith; it can be compared to the pilgrimages to Santiago or Lourdes.
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Another historical departure was that of Ferdinand Magellan on 10 August 1519, who with a fleet of five ships under his command left Seville and traveled down the Guadalquivir to Sanlúcar de Barrameda at its mouth, where they remained more than five weeks.
In 1336 the Castilian-Leonese troops under the command of Enrique Enríquez the Younger, together with those of Pedro Ponce de León the Elder, Lord of Marchena, and those of Juan Alonso Pérez de Guzmán y Coronel, lord of Sanlúcar de Barrameda, defeated the troops of King Alfonso IV of Portugal in the battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota.
In 1639 the 9th Duke was married for a second time to Seville noblewoman Juana Fernández de Córdoba, but only after signing documents giving the considerable amount of 20,000 Ducados to Margarita Marañon, on condition she become a nun near his palace in Sanlúcar de Barrameda, later in a Dominican convent.
Goya executed several well-known portraits of the duchess, most of them during his stay at Sanlúcar de Barrameda (one of the Andalusian country seats of the House of Medina-Sidonia), shortly after the death of her husband, the Duke of Medina-Sidonia, in 1796.
Jerez Cortado is a variety of palo cortado made not in Jerez, but in Sanlúcar de Barrameda, the most westerly of the three points of the 'Sherry Triangle', properly known as the denominación de Jerez.
At the beginning of 1478, the monarchs prepared two new expeditions from the port of Sanlúcar de Barrameda, one directed towards Elmina and the other, consisting of at least 35 ships, with the aim of conquering the island of Gran Canaria.
In 2010, Fundaciónn Eduardo Domínguez Lobato and Círculo de Artesanos, in collaboration with the City Council and the promoters of the idea, grant the first Circumnavigation to Culture and History Awards, being first winners the cities of Sabrosa (birthplace of Ferdinand Magellan in Portugal), Getaria (birthplace of Juan Sebastián Elcano) and Sanlúcar de Barrameda itself (start and end of the expedition trip).