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This species is the only host plant of the caterpillars of a beautiful uncommon butterfly (Zerynthia polyxena).
In South-east Queensland it is an important host plant for a number of indigenous butterfly larvae, including Tailed Emperor (Polyura sempronius); Silky Hairstreak (Pseudalmenus chlorinda); Imperial Hairstreak (Jalmenus evagoras evagoras); Stencilled Hairstreak (Jalmenus ictinus) & Large Grass-yellow (Eurema hecabe hecabe).
In Australia A. littoralis is fatal to the caterpillars of Ornithoptera euphorion and of the threatened Richmond Birdwing Butterfly and threatens to displace their proper host plant, A. tagala.
It serves as a host plant for larvae of monarch, queen, and soldier butterflies (Danaus plexippus, Danaus gilippus, and Danaus eresimus, respectively).
They may pass various fungi, Agrobacterium species, viruses, and other pathogens to host plants, or from one host plant to another.
Dudleya cymosa is the larval host plant for the Sonoran blue butterfly, Philotes sonorensis (Lycaenidae)
Specifically it is a host plant to ten different Lepidoptera species, including the El Segundo blue butterfly and Smith's blue butterfly; moreover, in the case of the El Segundo blue, it is the only host plant used by that species in all of its life stages.
For example, Cryan's buckmoth (Hemileuca maia subsp.) feeds only on the herb Menyanthes trifoliata, commonly known as buckbean, and while indistinguishable morphologically from related buckmoths, and not differentiated at the genetic markers tested, the moth is highly adapted to its host plant, having 100% survivorship on Menyanthes, while close genetic relatives all died when reared on the plant.
Species tend to be confined to a single host plant, many species preferring woody hosts, but a diversity of angiosperm hosts are known to the Flexiviridae.
Various species of native violets have reported to serve as a larval host plant for the Great Spangled Fritillary, including the native Round-leaf Violet (Viola rotundifolia), the Arrow-leaf Violet (Viola fimbriatula) and the Common Blue Violet (Viola sororia).
It has been collected in an area with scattered Acer and Rhododendron shrubs, but the immature stages and host plant are unknown.
The original host plant of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata was the buffalo bur, Solanum rostratum, in Mexico.
Texas Tuberose is the primary host plant for the caterpillars of the rare Manfreda Giant-Skipper or Aloe Skipper (Stallingsia maculosus (= Stallingsia smithi)).
From the rarity of buzz-pollination on their host plant, it is thought that the genus Cyclamen co-evolved with large bees capable of buzz-pollination, but lost its original pollinators for unknown historical reasons.
They mate, feed, and oviposit on their host plant Rubus spp.
N. curvifascia is commonly found in many regions of temperate and tropical East Asia, Indonesia, and the Indian subcontinent, wherever its preferred larval host plant, Alpinia speciosa can be found.
This is the only known host plant for the California endemic moth Greya suffusca.
Larval host: Florida fishpoison tree is a larval host plant for several butterfly species including: the native cassius blue butterfly (Leptotes cassius) and hammock skipper (Polygonus leo) and the introduced fulvous hairstreak (Electrostrymon angelia).
Spores produced in the aecia are referred to as aeciospores and are responsible for infecting the alternate host plant (a grass species: Koeleria, Trisetum, or Stipa).
This aphid is found only on one host plant, the American beech tree, Fagus grandifolia, where it congregates on branches and twigs, creating copious amounts of honeydew that drip onto vegetation below.
It was previously thought that the larvae of this species fed on both White Ash (Fraxinus americana) and Blueberry (Vaccinium), but recent observations suggest that the only larval host plant is Black Ash (Fraxinus nigra) which grows at the edges of swamps.
The larvae mine the leaves of their host plant, which typically includes species of aspen including Populus alba, Populus canescens and Populus tremula.
This is the main host plant for the rare Coachella Valley grasshopper (Spaniacris deserticola).
The host plant toxins sequestered by the butterfly during its larval stage make it unpalatable to predators.
Berg bamboo is the host plant for an endangered butterfly species, the Bamboo Sylph Metisella syrinx.
Moths of the genus Maroga are pests of wattles (Acacia) and have crossed over from their wild host-plant to become serious pests of cultivated stone fruit trees, particularly cherries.
It is also a host plant for several of Japan indigenous swallowtail butterfly species, including the common Papilio xuthus.