Elevated to species status by Parkinson, Zamudio and Greene (2000) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences.
A third condition, the Carney-Stratakis syndrome (CSS), describes the dyad of hereditary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and paraganglioma, that is caused by germline mutations in the mitochondrial tumor suppressor gene pathway involving the succinate dehydrogenase subunits SDHD, SDHC and SDHB.
People with this disorder have a faulty enzyme, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, that prevents these long-chain fatty acids from being transported into the mitochondria to be broken down.
The presence of DNA anywhere other than the nucleus or mitochondria is perceived as a DAMP and triggers responses mediated by TLR9 and DAI that drive cellular activation and immunoreactivity.
According to an extensive new mitochondrial DNA study, native Malagasy people today can likely trace their genetic heritage back to 30 different mothers from Indonesia.
Activity of XIAP is blocked by binding to DIABLO (Smac) and HTRA2 (Omi) proteins released from mitochondria after pro-apoptic stimuli.
Mitochondrial DNA (mDNA or mtDNA), the DNA located in organelles called mitochondria
The metaxin gene, which encodes a protein located on the outer membrane of mitochondria, is a component of the mitochondrial protein translocation apparatus.
The evidence for this relationship between myriapods and cheilcerates derives from comparisons of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes, mitochondrial ribosomal RNA genes, and protein-coding genes.
Beta oxidation, the process by which fatty acids are broken down in mitochondria and/or peroxisomes
Some Conifers also show paternal inheritance of mitochondria, such as the coast redwood, Sequoia sempervirens.
RsfS proteins are found in almost all eubacteria (but not archaea) and homologs are present in mitochondria and chloroplasts (where they are called C7orf30 and iojap, respectively).
The cause of reticular dysgenesis is the inability of granulocyte precursors to form granules secondary to mitochondrial adenylate kinase 2 malfunction.
A recent study by researchers of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and the Oregon State University, seems to indicate that SAR11 could be the ancestor of mitochondria existing in most eukaryotic cells.
SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are active in mitochondria, the energy-producing organelles that are a part of every cell.
Genes compete with each other, but this occurs within the context of collaboration, as is shown with examples involving mitochondria, bacteria, and termites.