X-Nico

unusual facts about pre-columbian



A-Train

Map construction adds the ability to build custom maps and terrains, and included pre-built cities Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe.

American Man: Greatest Hits Volume II

The album features three new songs, including the lead single "I Got My Game On", which was later utilized as the theme song to Howie Long's Tough Guys show during the FOX Super Bowl XLII pre-game show.

Appearance Manager

In pre-Mac OS X versions of the Macintosh operating system, the Appearance Manager controlled the overall look of the Mac GUI widgets and supported several themes.

Argentine beef

On 8 March 2006, after unsuccessfully trying to control the rising prices of beef in the internal market (26% since the beginning of that year), the Argentine government banned beef exports for 180 days (with the exception of pre-arranged shipments and the Hilton Quota).

Atlantic Europe

Bob Quinn in his documentary series Atlantean speculates that western European Celtic culture is actually an earlier, pre-Celtic, Atlantic culture that included Atlantic Europe and people of the Maghreb such as Berbers and that it continues today.

Babi ngepet

The association of boar or pig with magic concerning fortune probably originated from Javanese pre-Islamic and pre-Hindu-Buddhist beliefs that associate the boar or pig with domestic richness, fortune and prosperity, similar to its connections with ancient Javanese piggy bank.

Blazing Combat

Some dealt with historical figures, such as American Revolutionary War general Benedict Arnold and his pre-traitorous victory at the Battle of Saratoga (issue #2, Jan. 1966), while "Foragers" (issue #3, April 1966) focused on a fictitious soldier in General William T. Sherman's devastating March to the Sea during the American Civil War.

Bob Ojeda

In 2009, Ojeda joined SportsNet New York as a Pre-Game and Post-Game studio analyst for New York Mets Broadcasts with Chris Carlin

Brandel Chamblee

Chamblee lost his PGA Tour card in 2003, and since then has worked as an analyst for the Golf Channel on the Champions Tour, and Sprint's Pre/Post Game show.

Cacahuaziziqui

Cacahuaziziqui is a pre-Columbian cave site containing Olmec paintings.

Cartoon Orbit

To comply with the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act, Cartoon Orbit instead had a list of pre-written words and phrases that players could send in a chat box.

Cherokee Nuclear Power Plant

(The Deepcore structure is visible in the pre-2007 Historical Imagery views on Google Earth.)

David Newsom

In early 2007, Newsom and Heder partnered with The Mark Gordon Company and are in pre-production on the feature film, "Tallulah".

Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company

He partnered with fellow insurance salesman Norman O. Houston and businessman George A. Beavers, Jr. to secure 500 pre-paid life insurance applications as well as the $15,000 deposit required by California.

History of emerging infectious diseases

Pre-existing theories of disease: Before a pathogen is well-recognized, scientists may attribute the symptoms of infection to other causes, such as toxicological, psychological, or genetic causes.

Holborn tube station

The pre-war operation of the station and the branch line features in a pivotal scene in Geoffrey Household's novel Rogue Male, when the pursuit of the protagonist by enemy agents sees them repeatedly using the station's escalators, passageways and the shuttle service.

John Coulson Tregarthen

ISBN 1-904880-06-1
First published in 1909, this book pre-dated the Henry Williamson novel, Tarka the Otter by nearly twenty years: this natural history classic was republished in 2005.

Kalan Müzik

It was named after the pre-1936 name of the town of Tunceli (its founder's birthplace), but also means "Surviving Music" in Turkish.

Larry Wall

Wall grew up in south Los Angeles and then Bremerton, Washington, before starting higher education at Seattle Pacific University in 1976, majoring in chemistry and music and later Pre-med with a hiatus of several years working in the university's computing center before being graduated with a self-styled bachelor's degree in Natural and Artificial Languages.

María Villalón

Her album after her win was Te espero aquí by Sony BMG, although she had two pre-X Factor albums through a small Andalusian record label.

Meet Mr. McNutley

In the episode "The Prodigy", David Stollery, later of Walt Disney's serial, The Adventures of Spin and Marty (in the role of Marty), appears as Peggy's cousin who enrolls at Comstock as a pre-teen.

Mitchell Donald

Donald made no appearances in the Eredivisie in the 2008–09 season under manager Marco van Basten after being badly injured in pre-season at the Amsterdam Tournament in a challenge on Inter's Adriano, but he reestablished himself in the squad following the appointment of Martin Jol.

Navi Mumbai Holi riots

The feuding parties were Ghansoli Agri & Koli locals and mathadi settlers, with pre-existing "native vs. immigrant" political bad blood between the two communities serving as a tinderbox.

New Surrender

Anberlin was showcasing their new material on the main stage for the entire tour, with the pre-order coming with a USB device on a wristband.

Nyasha Chikwinya

She was elected to the House of Assembly in 1995, representing the Harare North constituency, but lost her seat in the 2000 elections, coming in second with just 4,852 votes, compared to 18,976 for Trudy Stevenson of the Movement for Democratic Change.

Otis–Lennon School Ability Test

The Otis–Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT), published by the successor of Harcourt AssessmentPearson Education, Inc., a subsidiary of Pearson PLC — is a test of abstract thinking and reasoning ability of children pre-K to 18.

Peter Hodge

He brought in players, several from has native Scotland, such as Arthur Chandler, Johnny Duncan, Adam Black, Hugh Adcock, Arthur Lochhead and Ernie Hine, all of whom would go on to become key players in the club's history and by the end of his stint average attendances had almost trebled from their pre-war averages.

Phyllopod bed

The preservation of the fossils – and their pre-burial livelihoods – was likely facilitated by mats of the cyanobacterium Morania, which served to bind the sediment and allow anoxic conditions to quickly form.

POMCUS

Originally, POMCUS sites were primarily simply guarded, fenced-in lots of pre-loaded, maintained vehicles and weapons systems ready to roll, although the precursor to POMCUS sites was a series of underground storage areas liberated from the Germans in Pirmasens and the outlying areas Husterhoeh Kaserne utilized to store combat-readied armor.

Portledge School

Portledge School is an independent college-preparatory day school located in Locust Valley, New York with 414 students in Pre-nursery through 12th grade (2006–2007 school year).

Pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica

The Costa Rican chieftains in the Intermediate Area had greater powers than those of Nicoya; for example, when Correque moved his residence from Ujarrás to Tucurrique, he brought with him many elders and gentlemen along with their sons, "because the place he wanted was settled and nobody contradicted him."

Pre-Imperial Mali

All future mansas would have to be chosen from the Keita clan, and the city-state of Niani (in present-day Guinea) would become the federal capital.

Quiero Verte Más

Pre-production was done in Berlin, Germany with producers Vicente Sanfuentes and the Canadian Mocky who worked previously with Jamie Lidell, Jane Birkin, Peaches and Nikka Costa.

Riccarton, Ayrshire

A pre-reformation Riccarton parish church stood in the centre of the old burial ground; first noted, as a chapel, in 1229, sub-ordinate to the church of Dundonald.

Saintsations

The Saintsations are no secret to the international stage as their first border-crossing performance was in 1990 at London when the Saints played the Oakland Raiders in a pre-season contest where they did countless appearances during the week leading into the game and on game day, they would repeat this in 1993 when the Saints played in Tokyo for a pre-season game vs the Philadelphia Eagles.

Salme ships

The Salme ships are two pre-Viking era clinker-built ships that were discovered in 2008 near Salme village in Saaremaa, Estonia.

Scott Stanford

In 2008, he also started working for WNYW-TV, where he was the post-game reporter for the New York Yankees baseball team, along with hosting/reporting duties for the New York Giants Football pre-game kickoff shows.

Shōtarō Yasuoka

Yasuoka was born in pre-war Japan in Kōchi, Kōchi, but as the son of a veterinary corpsman in the Imperial Army, he spent most of his youth moving from one military post to another.

Sisters of Pearl

Sisters of Pearl (Traditional Chinese: (掌上明珠) is a TVB pre-modern drama series, starring Jessica Hsuan, Bowie Lam, and Michael Tao.

Sitotroga cerealella

Its common name refers to Angoumois, the pre-revolutionary province of France from which it was first scientifically described by G.-A. Olivier in 1789.

Soul Punk

Stump recorded himself singing a mash-up of Jackson hits, blending "Billie Jean", "Scream", "Man in the Mirror," "Thriller" and other Jackson songs over pre-recorded backing vocals.

Startalk

However, the first time the network has pre-empted the show as a regular programming was during Manny Pacquiao's World Press Tour.

The Hour of the Dragon

To accomplish this they resort to necromancy, resurrecting Xaltotun, an ancient sorcerer from the pre-Hyborian empire of Acheron.

The New Lawn

In August 2012, a Manchester United XI played a pre-season friendly at the ground in aid of the Sustainability in Sport foundation which was created by Forest Green chairman Dale Vince and Gary Neville.

Tlapanec people

In pre-Columbian times they lived in the isolated mountain area along the Costa Chica region of Guerrero, just southeast of present-day Acapulco.

Trine Rein

The song has later been covered by child star actress Danielle Brisebois (who wrote the song with Scott Cutler), Estonian Eurovision participant Maarja-Liis Ilus, American Idol winner Kelly Clarkson, and a pre-American Idol Carly Hennessy (a.k.a. Carly Smithson), among others.

Turnabout Intruder

Originally scheduled to air at 10pm on Friday, March 28, 1969, the network pre-empted it at the last minute with a special report on former U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who had died earlier that day.

Tyrsenian languages

If these languages could be shown to be related to Etruscan and Rhaetic, they would constitute a pre-Indo-European family stretching from (at the very least) the Aegean islands and Crete across mainland Greece and the Italian peninsula to the Alps.

WRDQ

For example on January 1, 2009, WFTV aired pre-game festivities of the 2009 Capital One Bowl, while WRDQ aired ABC's coverage of the Rose Bowl Parade.

WYTV

WYTV was not among the ABC affiliates to pre-empt the Veterans Day airing of the film Saving Private Ryan in 2004 out of fears of being fined by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for indecency in the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy, feeling that the film aired unedited on terrestrial television in the past without FCC repercussions.


see also

American Stonehenge

Tiwanaku, a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in western Bolivia.

Black mirror

Obsidian, material from which Pre-Columbian cultures made black mirrors

Bloody Falls

In 1978, the portion of the Territorial Park northwest of the Coppermine River was designated the Bloody Falls National Historic Site of Canada, as the archaeological remains of pre-contact hunting and fishing sites in the area form a record of the presence of Pre-Dorset, Thule, First Nation and Inuit peoples over the last 3000 years.

Caterina Magni

Caterina Magni (born 1966) is an Italian-born French archaeologist and anthropologist, who specialises in the study of pre-Columbian cultures of Mesoamerica, and in particular the iconography, art and mythology and religion of the Olmec civilization.

Cholula

Great Pyramid of Cholula, the pyramid-temple complex situated at the pre-Columbian site

Ciudad Guzmán

Prior to the arrival of the European Spanish Conquistadors, this area was the pre-Columbian kingdom of Zapotlán and was at different times under the domain of the nearby kingdoms of Colima and Michoacán.

Colombian art

The Museo del Oro in Bogotá displays the most important collection of pre-Columbian gold handicraft in the Americas.

Culture of El Salvador

Amongst the pre-Columbian languages that still exist common to places such as Izalco and Cacaopera is Nawat Pipil.

El Cristo

According to studies by the archaeologist Cook, this community is similar to the pre-Columbian site of the Sierra at the edge of Santa Maria.

Epi-Olmec

Epi-Olmec culture, pre-Columbian archaeological culture/area in the coastal Veracruz region of Mexico, ca.

Fayez Barakat

Specialising in classical antiquities, Near Eastern, Biblical, Chinese, Pre-Columbian, Byzantine, Asian, African and primitive arts, the business expanded from a small shop in the Jerusalem Souq into a dealership with global reach, and a presence in most of the world's major art-buying centres.

Ficus insipida

Maya codices (singular codex) are folding books stemming from the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, written in Maya hieroglyphic script on Mesoamerican bark cloth, Amatl, made from the inner bark of certain trees, the main being the wild fig tree or Amate (Ficus glabrata; a synonym of the Ficus insipida).

First wave of European colonization

Estimates of pre-Columbian population have ranged from a low of 8.4 million to a high of 112.5 million persons; in 1976, geographer William Denevan derived a "consensus count" of about 54 million people.

Fish-Fin

"Fish-Fin" is a designation or nickname given by Mayanist epigraphers (inscription scholars) to a personage whose undeciphered name-glyph appears in the epigraphic record in association with the Emblem glyph of Bonampak, a pre-Columbian Maya civilization site in present-day Chiapas, Mexico.

Fralin Museum of Art

Areas of strength in the collection include 18th-, 19th- and 20th-century American and European painting, Old Master and modern prints and drawings, 19th-, 20th- and 21st-century photography, East and South Asian painting, and African, Pre-Columbian, and Native American art and artifacts.

Heather McKillop

Heather Irene McKillop (born 1953) is a Canadian-American archaeologist, academic and Mayanist scholar, noted in particular for her research into ancient Maya coastal trade routes, seafaring, littoral archaeology, and the long-distance exchange of commodities in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.

Hiram Bingham III

On his way home via Peru, a local prefect convinced him to visit the pre-Columbian city of Choquequirao.

Hordeum pusillum

The tiny seeds are edible, and this plant was part of the Eastern Agricultural Complex of cultivated plants used in Pre-Columbian times by Native Americans.

Jane MacLaren Walsh

Notable cases she has investigated include crystal skulls alleged to have been of ancient Mesoamerican (usually Maya) origins, and a piece held by the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection purported to be an authentic pre-Columbian representation of an Aztec and central Mexican goddess, Tlazolteotl.

Jesusa Rodríguez

Her "espectáculos" (a Spanish word that can mean both spectacle and show) do not necessarily adhere to traditional genre classification: they can reflect elite styles or popular; draw on Greek tragedy, cabaret, pre-Columbian, operatic traditions; take the form of a revue, sketch, "carpa", or political performance art (Abelleyra).

K'iche'

K'iche' Kingdom of Q'umarkaj, a pre-Columbian state in the Guatemalan highlands

Kahn Lectures

The next two series of lectures in the series were held in January 1931 by Herbert Joseph Spinden, the expert in pre-Columbian American archaeology who had already been considered twice before, and in the fall of 1931 by Edward Denison Ross, director of (what was still known as) the School of Oriental Studies of the University of London, who talked about Persian art.

Lustria

In the Games Workshop's Warhammer Fantasy fictional universe, Lustria is a region located to the south of the Naggaroth, modelled in many ways on the pre-Columbian Americas.

Maarten Jansen

Jansen is an internationally renowned figure in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican studies, whose particular field of expertise concerns the culture, history and manuscripts of the Mixtec civilization from the Oaxacan region of central-southern Mexico.

Marpa

Marpa, Peru, ruins of a pre-Columbian town located along the Cotahuasi Canyon in the Andes range of southern Peru

Mayan Theater

Designed by Stiles O. Clements of Morgan, Walls & Clements and opened in August 1927, the façade of the Mayan Theater includes stylized pre-Columbian patterns and figures designed by sculptor Francisco Cornejo.

Mexican nobility

Descendents of the elites of pre-Columbian Mexico who received these distinctions included the heirs of the Aztec ruler Moctezuma II; That family became known as the Condes de Moctezuma, and later, the Duques of Moctezuma de Tultengo.

Monte Alto

Monte Alto culture, a Mesoamerican archaeological site and its associated pre-Columbian culture, located on the Pacific coastal plains of modern Guatemala

Museo de Arte Precolombino

Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino, pre-Columbian art museum located in Santiago, Chile

Museu Barbier-Mueller d'Art Precolombí, pre-Columbian art museum located in Barcelona, Spain

Neo-Tiwanakan architecture

The Neo-Tiwanakan or Pseudo-Tiwanakan architecture is a style developed by the architect Emilio Villanueva Peñaranda between the years 1930 and 1948 inspired in the designs of the Pre-Columbian archeological site of Tiwanaku in Bolivia.

Norman Hammond

Norman Hammond (born 1944) is a British archaeologist, academic and Mesoamericanist scholar, noted for his publications and research on the pre-Columbian Maya civilization.

Ogu and Mampato in Rapa Nui

Excited by the stories he knows about Easter Island, Mampato, a young boy with a belt device that allows time-travel, goes with his caveman friend Ogú to the ancient land of pre-columbian Rapa Nui.

Pacal

K'inich Janaab' Pakal, also known as Pacal the Great - 7th-century ruler of the pre-Columbian Maya site of Palenque, in what is now Chiapas, Mexico

Plaza de las Tres Culturas

The name "Three Cultures" is in recognition of the three periods of Mexican history reflected by those buildings pre-Columbian, Spanish colonial, and the independent "mestizo" nation.

Potrerillos

Boca de Potrerillos, a pre-Columbian archaeological site in the northern Mexican state of Nuevo León, known for its petroglyphs

Quiabelagayo

Quiabelagayo (alternatively written Guiebelagayo or Quiepelagayo) is a Zapotec name associated particularly with the Oaxacan Valley pre-Columbian site of Dainzu (known also as Macuilxochitl or Macuilsuchil).

Quiateot

Quiateot is the name of a rain deity in the mythological traditions of the pre-Columbian and contact-era Nicarao people, an indigenous grouping on the periphery of the Mesoamerican cultural area, located in present-day Nicaragua.

Richard Blanton

He is most renowned for his archaeological field and theoretical research into the development of civilizations in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, particularly those from the central Mexican plateau and Valley of Oaxaca regions.

Tonalá

Tonalá (Maya site), an archaeological site of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, in the Chiapas highlands

Toniná

Tonina (or Toniná in Spanish orthography) is a pre-Columbian archaeological site and ruined city of the Maya civilization located in what is now the Mexican state of Chiapas, some 13 km (8.1 mi) east of the town of Ocosingo.

Topiltzin

Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl, a mythologised figure supposed to have been a 10th-century ruler in Tollan (Tula), the "Toltec" capital in pre-Columbian Mexico

William Saturno

William Andrew "Bill" Saturno is an American archaeologist and Mayanist scholar who has made significant contributions toward the study of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization.

Xiuhcoatl

Page 46 of the pre-Columbian Codex Borgia depicts four smoking Xiuhcoatl serpents arranged around a burning turquoise mirror.