They held the Archbishopric of Salzburg in the 10th century, but were pushed out of power in the Duchy of Bavaria by the Liutpoldings.
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In 1252, Albert and his son-in-law Meinhard were taken prisoner at Greifenburg by Duke Bernard of Carinthia and his son Bishop-elect Philip of Salzburg.
In the west, the Upper Austrian part bordered on the Duchy of Bavaria, whereby the historic Innviertel belonged to the Bavarian dukes until the 1779 Treaty of Teschen, as well as on the Archbishopric of Salzburg in the Salzkammergut region.
Hieronymus Graf von Colloredo (1732–1812) was Prince-Bishop of Gurk from 1761 and last Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1771 until 1803, when the Archbishopric was secularized.
Leopold Anton Freiherr von Firmian or Leopold Anton Eleutherius von Firmian (11 March 1679 – 22 October 1744) was Catholic Bishop of Lavant 1718-1724, Bishop of Seckau 1724-1727 and Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1727 until his death.
In the 11th century the extraction of salt at Hallein became crucial for the economic wealth of the Salzburg Archbishopric, competing with the salt production of Reichenhall in Bavaria.
Agnes is was last mentioned in a record dated 10 April 1298 in Ehrenhausen, when she donated her dower, namely Loschental Castle in the Lavant Valley and the tower in Lavamünd with all appurtenances, to the Archbishopric of Salzburg, in return for the archbishop praying for the salvation of her soul.