CpG site - methylated sequences of DNA significant in gene regulation
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CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide - unmethylated sequences of DNA that have immunostimulatory properties
The aberrant epigenetic landscape of the cancer cell is characterized by a global genomic hypomethylation, CpG island promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, an altered histone code for critical genes and a global loss of monoacetylated and trimethylated histone H4.
Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD).
The MBD of MeCP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD4 and BAZ2 mediates binding to DNA, and in cases of MeCP2, MBD1 and MBD2, preferentially to methylated CpG.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain | CpG site | CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide | CpG |
Proteins that contain a CXXC motif within their DNA-binding domain, such as CXXC1, recognize CpG sequences and regulate gene expression.
Human proteins MECP2 (this protein), MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD).
The NuRD complex contains seven subunits: the histone deacetylase core proteins HDAC1 and HDAC2, the histone-binding proteins RbAp46 and RbAp48, the metastasis-associated proteins MTA1 (or MTA2 / MTA3), the methyl-CpG-binding domain protein MBD3 (or MBD2) and the chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein CHD3 (aka Mi-2alpha) or CHD4 (aka Mi-2beta).
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide also known as a CpG ODN, a molecule with immunostimulatory properties.