Alexander was with his father at the Battle of Dunbar on 27 April 1296, and fled to Dunbar Castle where he and others were taken prisoner and committed to the Tower.
In the 10th and early 11th century the Norsemen made increasing inroads in Scotland, and in 1005 there is record of a Patrick de Dunbar, under Malcolm II, engaged against the Norse invaders in the north, at Murthlake, a town of Marr, where, alongside Kenneth, Thane of the Isles, and Grim, Thane of Strathearn, he was slain.
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In 678 Saint Wilfrid was imprisoned at Dunbar, following his expulsion from his see of York by Ecgfrith of Northumbria.
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The Votadini or Gododdin, are thought to have been the first to defend this site, the Brythonic name Dyn Barr, (the fort of the point) is still in use.
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The first stone castle is thought to have been built by Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria, after his exile from England, following the Harrowing of the North, by William the Conqueror after Gospatric took refuge at the court of Malcolm III of Scotland.
Among its provisions, the contract provided that Francis I would transfer Dunbar Castle with the gift of all of its guns, which was kept by the Duke of Albany, to James V, and if James died first Mary would have Falkland Palace for the rest of her life.
After the Battle of Bannockburn, Patrick de Dunbar gave sanctuary and quarter to the English King Edward II at the fortress of Dunbar Castle, on the east coast of Scotland between Edinburgh and Berwick-upon-Tweed, and managed to effect the king's escape by means of a fishing boat whereby that monarch was transported back to England.
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Home attacked Dunbar Castle, then captured the Chief Herald, the Lyon King of Arms at Coldstream and held him ransom for his mother who was a prisoner of Albany's lieutenant Antoine d'Arces.
The fortifications at Leith, Inchkeith and Dunbar Castle were duly removed, and the French garrisons left Scotland.
The SS Olympia was a steamship laid down as the SS Doune Castle and upon purchase named the SS Dunbar Castle that served the northwest United States and Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush.