X-Nico

42 unusual facts about Prussia


Alf Lüdtke

His article describes the idea that state violence under the feudal system was necessary to create a control amongst the Prussian working class in order to prepare them for the different structure of capitalist society.

André Lichnerowicz

His grandfather fought in the Polish resistance against the Prussians.

Anton von Schmerling

This brought him into opposition to the party of Prussian supremacy; and when they attained a majority, he resigned, and was succeeded by Heinrich von Gagern.

After the abortive election of king Frederick William IV of Prussia to be emperor, he, with the other Austrians, left Frankfurt.

Balkan League

Bulgaria then turned to the more direct method of expansion through winning a war, building a large army for that purpose and started to see itself as the "Prussia of the Balkans".

Bernhard Heinrich Overberg

In 1816 he was made a consistorial - and school counsellor, in 1823, honorary rector of the cathedral, and in 1826, shortly before his death, Oberconsistorialrat of the Evangelical Church in Prussia.

The village schools at that time were very poor; in Prussia a number of discharged non-commissioned officers made a pretence of teaching, while in Westphalia, mere day labourers wielded the "stick" (of class discipline).

Bowman Malcolm

Two-cylinder von Borries compound locomotives had been performing sterling service on express trains in Prussia.

Budjak

Budjak was also home to a number of ethnic Germans known as Bessarabian Germans, originally from Württemberg and Prussia, who settled the region in the early 19th century, after it became part of the Russian Empire.

Calvörde Castle

The little town, along with several nearby villages, belonged to the castle and formed a Brunswick exclave in what later became Prussian territory.

Charles IV of Spain

However, after Napoleon's victory over Prussia in 1807, Godoy again steered Spain back onto the French side.

Council of Pisa

In fact the Pisan pope was acknowledged by the majority of the Church, i.e. by France, England, Portugal, Bohemia, Prussia, a few countries of Germany, Italy, and the County of Venaissin, while Naples, Poland, Bavaria, and part of Germany continued to obey Gregory, and Spain and Scotland remained subject to Benedict.

Earl of Stair

He sat in the House of Lords as a Scottish Representative Peer from 1793 to 1807 and from 1820 to 1821 and also served as Ambassador to Prussia.

Erwin Planck

In August 1939, a group including Prussian Finance Minister Johannes Popitz, Planck, and Reichsbank president Hjalmar Schacht approached General Georg Thomas, head of the Defence Economy and Armament Office asking him to do something to thwart the outbreak of the forthcoming war.

Francis Palmes

From February 1708 Palmes travelled extensively, undertaking mission to the United Provinces, Hanover, Prussia, Vienna and Savoy in order to concert measures with the allies.

Fritz-Dietlof von der Schulenburg

In accordance with traditional Prussian noble practices, the children were at first strictly educated privately by a governess.

Germany–Holy See relations

In the mid-19th century, the Catholic Church was also seen as a political power, even in Protestant Prussia, exerting a strong influence on a fourth of the people.

Gertrud Elisabeth Mara

She was permanently engaged for the Prussian court in Berlin, but her marriage to a debauched celllist named Mara created difficulties, and in 1780 she was released.

Gesetzlose Gesellschaft zu Berlin

The Gesetzlose Gesellschaft zu Berlin (literally, lawless' Society as it had no internal rules), is a social society founded in Berlin in 1809 in the aftermath of the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt to press for the reform of Prussian government and society.

Government Delegation for Poland

The Bureau's main task was to document the Polish claims on German lands east of the Oder river and the area of Prussia as well as planning of their post-war development.

Gustaf Douglas

Gustaf Archibald Siegwart Douglas (born 3 March 1938) is the oldest son of count Carl Ludvig Douglas (26 July 1908 Stjärnorp - 21 January 1961 Rio de Janeiro), a Swedish nobleman and diplomat who was Royal Swedish Ambassador to Brazil, and his Prussian wife Ottora Maria Haas-Heye (13 February 1910 Partenkirchen - 17 July 2001).

Heinrich Alexander von Arnim

Heinrich Alexander (from 1841 Freiherr) von Arnim(-Suckow) (born 13 February 1798 in Berlin; died 5 January 1861 in Düsseldorf) was a Prussian statesman.

On the same day he took office as Foreign Minister of Prussia in the government that was led first by Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg, then by Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen; this government already resigned on 20 June, however.

Heinrich Wilhelm von Werther

Heinrich August Alexander Wilhelm von Werther (born 7 August 1772 in Königsberg; died 7 December 1859 in Berlin) was a Prussian diplomat and Foreign Minister from 1837 to 1841.

Imperial Glory

Imperial Glory is set in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic era, between 1789 and 1815, and allows the player to choose one of the great empires of the age–Great Britain, France, Austria, Russia or Prussia–on their quest of conquering Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

Jakob Salomon Bartholdy

Jakob Ludwig Salomon Bartholdy (May 13, 1779 – July 27, 1825) was a Prussian diplomat, born Jakob Salomon in Berlin of Jewish parentage, and educated at the University of Halle.

Joe Gaetjens

His great-grandfather Thomas, a native of Bremen, had been sent to Haiti by Frederick William III, the King of Prussia, as a business emissary.

Johann Georg Ziesenis

On behalf of Duchess Philippine Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, the sister of King Frederick II of Prussia, he had the opportunity to make a portrait of the regent in the period from 17 to 20 June 1763 at Castle Salzdahlum.

Johanna von Puttkamer

Johanna Friederike Charlotte Dorothea Eleonore von Puttkamer (11 April 1824 – 27 November 1894) was a Prussian noblewoman, also known as Johanna von Bismarck.

John George, Elector of Brandenburg

Upon the death of his kinsman Albert I, Duke of Prussia in 1568, the Duchy of Prussia was inherited by the latter's underage son Albert Frederick.

Kaiser-Walzer

The waltz was originally titled Hand in Hand and was intended as a toast made in August of that year by Austrian emperor Franz Josef on the occasion of his visit to the German Kaiser Wilhelm II where it was symbolic as a 'toast of friendship' extended by Austria to Germany.

Karl Ernst Jarcke

Karl Ernst Jarcke (10 November 1801, Danzig, Prussia – 27 December 1852, Vienna) was a German publisher and professor of criminal law, who took a conservative stance towards revolutionary movements in the early nineteenth century.

Kornel Ujejski

Ujejski was involved in Poland's struggle for independence after it had been partitioned and erased from the map of Europe by neighbouring countries (Russian Empire, Prussia and Austrian Empire).

La Terre

The war with Prussia had just broken out, and Jean, disgusted with his life, again enlisted in the service of his country.

Lord John series

Set in 1758, the story finds Lord John in Prussia serving as the English liaison officer to the First Regiment of Hanoverian Foot.

Louis Gurlitt

Being from Holsten he chose the German side in the conflicts in 1848 and 1864, when Prussia won the war and Schleswig-Holstein which was under the reign of the Danish king.

Musket Model 1777

7 million muskets were produced, including variants 1800 (an IX), 1816 and 1822, but not including muskets like the Austrian 1798 or the Prussian 1809, which were mere clones of the French 1777.

Neustadt, Ontario

John Weinert, a saddle maker from Prussia, moved into Neustadt in 1859 and proceeded to establish a tannery on the north side of William Street.

Oxapampa

In March 1857 a group of 300 Tyrolean and Prussian settlers, consisting mainly of poor peasant families and couples who weren't allowed to marry in their home countries, boarded the “Norton” to go to Peru.

Rosthern Junior College

Many came from Manitoba, but others arrived directly from colonies in Russia, from the Danzig region of Prussia and from Kansas, Nebraska and Minnesota where they had settled in the 1870s.

Staffort

During the 18th and 19th centuries nearly 100 inhabitants left the village to relocate in America, Austria, Denmark, Hungary, Jutland, Prussia, Russia, Serbia and Styria.

Sweden–Ukraine relations

Finally an agreement was signed between Sweden and three Ukrainian commanders (Ivan Bohun, the leader of the Ukrainian Protestants Yuri Nemyrych and Ivan Kovalivsky) on 6 October 1657 in Korsun where Sweden acknowledged the Ukrainian borders all the way to Wisła in the west and Prussia in the north.


Albrecht Konrad Finck von Finckenstein

He was Lord Chamberlain for two crown princes, became in 1710 Imperial Count (Reichsgraf) of the Holy Roman Empire and Count (Graf) in Prussia after the Battle of Malplaquet in which he successfully led the Prussian forces under Prince Eugene.

Andrzej Wiszowaty, Jr.

It appears that Andrzej Jr. was born while his father Benedykt Wiszowaty was a Unitarian minister in Kosinowo, in the Duchy of Prussia.

Anne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia

Margaret of Thuringia (1449 – 13 July 1501), who married John II, Elector of Brandenburg, and whose direct main heirs have been Electors of Brandenburg, then Kings of Prussia, and then German Emperors.

Austro-Prussian War

The war left Prussia dominant in German politics (since Austria was now excluded from Germany and no longer the top German state), and German nationalism would compel the remaining independent states to ally with Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, and then to accede to the crowning of King Wilhelm as German Emperor.

Battle of Hennersdorf

The Battle of Hennersdorf, sometimes referred to as Catholic-Hennersdorf, was a minor encounter that took place on November 23, 1745 in Katholisch-Hennersdorf in Silesia (Prussia, present-day Poland) during the War of the Austrian Succession.

Berliner Singakademie

The Sing-Akademie zu Berlin is a musical (originally choral) society founded in Berlin in 1791 by Carl Friedrich Christian Fasch, harpsichordist to the court of Prussia, on the model of the 18th century London Academy of Ancient Music.

Bolesław Domański

Domański was a fighter for the rights of the Polish minority in Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia, at the time a Prussian province on the border of Germany and Poland, as well as for the rights of Polish emigrants in the Ruhr area.

Bundesstraße 1

From the late 18th century onwards, parts of the route were rebuilt as a chaussee, mainly in the area between Aachen and Jülich as well as on the nearby territory of the County of Mark, promoted by the Brandenburg-Prussian administration under Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein.

Carl Severing

He was Interior Minister of Prussia from 1920 to 1926, Minister of the Interior from 1928 to 1930 and Interior Minister of Prussia again from 1930 to 1932.

Chief fireman

In imperial Prussia, the title was known as brandmeister (from German Brand - "fire" and Meister - literally "master") and was the police officer, the chief of one of city fire-fighting crews.

Christoph Hartknoch

Hartknoch's extensive scientific body of works contributed greatly to knowledge of Prussia, Pomerania, Samogitia, Courland, and Poland.

Duchy of Magdeburg

The Halle region (Saalkreis), an exclave of the province, was surrounded by the Principality of Anhalt, the County of Mansfeld (acquired by Prussia in 1790), and the Electorate of Saxony.

Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Her niece Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, daughter of Duke Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, married Frederick William III of Hohenzollern in 1793 and became queen consort of Prussia in 1797.

Elbing, Kansas

The railroad wanted to call the town Regier but Mr. Regier suggested three other possibilities: Elbing, Danzig and Marienburg, all cities in Prussia where he had lived.

François Hotman

His fame was such that overtures were made to him by the courts of Prussia and Hesse, and by Elizabeth I of England.

George Frederick Charles, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

Schloss Weferlingen had been assigned to his family as an appanage by King Frederick I of Prussia, after George Frederick Charles's heavily indebted father had renounced his succession rights to the Franconian Hohenzollern estates of Bayreuth and Ansbach in favour of Prussia in the Contract of Schönberg.

Hans Rosenberg

His work identified in the power structures and social relations of agrarian society in Prussia the roots of the authoritarian and undemocratic character of what he, with others, took to be the Sonderweg, or special path of modern German history.

History of Katowice

Following the annexation of Silesia by Prussia in the middle of 18th century, a slow migration of German merchants began to the area, which, until then was inhabited primarily by a Polish population.

Johann Baptist Alzog

He defended with ardour the Archbishop of that city, Martin von Dunin, during his persecution by the Prussian government, became vicar-capitular, professor and regens at Hildesheim in 1845, and in 1853 was appointed to the chair of Church History in the University of Freiburg (Breisgau); at the same time he was appointed an ecclesiastical councillor (geistlicher Rat).

Kaisermarsch

The victory in the Franco-Prussian War and the consequent proclamation of William I, King of Prussia, as German Emperor spurred patriotism and incited several German composers to write patriotic music dedicated to the nation and the new empire.

Kehdingen

Until 1932 there was a Prussian district known as Land Kehdingen, and until 1975 there was an Evangelical-Lutheran parish of Kehdingen with its base in Drochtersen, which was absorbed on 1 January 1976 into the parish of Stade.

Killingworth locomotives

It was named after the Prussian general Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, who, after a speedy march, arrived in time to the battle of Waterloo and helped defeat Napoleon.

Lands of Bogston

Robert Montgomerie Borland as the only son of Robert Wilson Montgomery's sister Mary Borland, married Charlotte Roche and their son Robert Borland Montgomerie, having taken his grand-uncle's surname, inherited Bogston but lived at Malmedy in Prussia and only visited once in 1842.

Marianne Kirchgessner

After that she traveled throughout Europe for ten years, visiting Prague, Dresden, Leipzig, Berlin, Hamburg and Magdeburg, playing four times at the Prussian court for King Friedrich Wilhelm II in Berlin.

Max Wyndham, 2nd Baron Egremont

Egremont studied modern history at Oxford University and has written books about Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, Arthur Balfour and Sir Edward Spears, as well as a historical travelogue of East Prussia.

Melbourne Hebrew Congregation

The 1850s saw the arrival of some 300 Jewish families from London and the Province of Posen, Prussia to Melbourne, prompting the construction of a new larger synagogue on the Bourke Street site.

Norway in 1814

He learned that Prussia and Austria were waning in their support of Sweden's claims to Norway, that Tsar Alexander I of Russia (a distant cousin of Christian Frederik's) favored a Swedish-Norwegian union but not with Bernadotte as the king, and that the United Kingdom was looking for a solution to the problem that would keep Norway out of Russia's influence.

Old Western Pomerania

The name Old Western Pomerania was first used when that area of Swedish Pomerania that had been remained with Sweden after the Treaty of Stockholm, later transferred to Prussia under the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and was named New Western Pomerania.

Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania

After the war, the Swedish Empire and Brandenburg-Prussia succeeded the Griffin dukes in the Peace of Westphalia (1648) and divided it in the Treaty of Stettin (1653) into a Swedish Pomerania and a Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania.

Princess Irene

Princess Irene, Duchess of Aosta (1904 – 1974), daughter of Constantine I of Greece and his wife, the former Princess Sophie of Prussia

Princess Louise of Schleswig-Holstein

Princess Louise Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (1866-1952), daughter of Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, wife of Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia

Queen Louise of Sweden

Louise of the Netherlands (1828–1871), daughter of Prince Frederick of the Netherlands and Princess Louise of Prussia (1808–1870); wife of Charles XV of Sweden

Rosita Spencer-Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough

She was born as Countess Rosita in Madrid, Spain, the younger daughter of Count Carl Douglas (1908-1961), a Swedish nobleman and diplomat who was Royal Swedish Ambassador to Brazil, and his Prussian wife Ottora Maria Haas-Heye (1910-2001), maternal granddaughter of Philip, Prince of Eulenburg and Hertefeld, by his wife Augusta, countess Sandels.

Royal Hanoverian State Railways

The Göttingen–Arenshausen and NortheimEllrich lines were not completed until after the transfer of the Hanoverian State Railways to Prussia after the War of 1866.

Rudolf Diels

Göring was made minister for Prussia in 1933, replacing Carl Severing, and was impressed with Diels' work and new-found commitment to the Nazi Party.

St. Mary's, Wisconsin

St. Mary's was first settled in 1856 by families who had immigrated to America from Stommeln, northwest of Köln (Cologne), Prussia, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Treaty of Sistova

With the Turkish war ended, Austria joined with Prussia in the Declaration of Pillnitz on August 27.

Vasily Blyukher

Despite his German surname, he was not of German descent as is sometimes written: the name was given to his family by a 19th-century landlord after a famous Prussian Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher.

Vladas Žulkus

Two years later together with Alvydas Nikžentaitis he founded Centre of History of Western Lithuania and Prussia (from 2003 - Institute of Baltic Sea Region History and Archaeology) and Historical Department at Klaipėda University.

William Rosenau

William Rosenau (1865, Wollstein, Province of Posen, Prussia - 1943, United States) was a leader of Reform Judaism in the beginning of the twentieth century in the United States.

Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki

Polish forces, 15,000 strong, were defeated by a combined Prussian and Russian army, some 27,000 strong.

Zollverein

The original agreements that set the foundation for Zollverein cemented economic ties between the various Prussian and Hohenzollern territories, and ensured economic contact between the non-contiguous holdings of the Hohenzollern family, which was also the ruling family of Prussia.

Zorndorf

Battle of Zorndorf, fought there in 1758 between Prussia and Russia during the Seven Years' War