X-Nico

2 unusual facts about fatty acid


Cholesterol-dependent cytolysin

For example, perfringolysin O will preferentially bind to cholesterol-rich membranes composed mainly of phospholipids containing 18-carbon acyl chains.

The non-polar hydrocarbon tail of cholesterol orients itself toward the polar center of the membrane lipid bilayer, while the 3-β-OH group is oriented closer to the ester bonds formed by the fatty acid chains, and glycerol backbones closer to the membrane surface.


Essential fatty acid interactions

Next, in response to many inflammatory stimuli, such as air pollution, smoking, second-hand smoke, vegetables oils and other exogenous toxins; phospholipase is generated and cleaves this phospholipid, releasing AA as a free fatty acid.

Lubiprostone

Lubiprostone is a bicyclic fatty acid derived from prostaglandin E1 that acts by specifically activating ClC-2 chloride channels on the apical aspect of gastrointestinal epithelial cells, producing a chloride-rich fluid secretion.

Metabolic supermice

Professor Hanson noted that the supermice "are metabolically similar to Lance Armstrong biking up the Pyrenees. They utilize mainly fatty acids for energy and produce very little lactic acid. They are not eating or drinking and yet they can run for four or five hours. They are 10 times more active than ordinary mice in their home cage. They also live longer – up to three years of age – and are reproductively active for almost three years. In short, they are remarkable animals."

N-Acylethanolamine

These amides conceptually can be formed from a fatty acid and ethanolamine with the release of a molecule of water, but the known biological synthesis uses a specific phospholipase D to cleave the phospholipid unit from N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines.

Phospholipase

Phospholipase B - cleaves both SN-1 and SN-2 acyl chains; this enzyme is also known as a lysophospholipase.

Ralph Holman

Ralph Holman (1917 – August 15, 2012) was a biochemist whose research focused on lipids and fatty acids, especially the Omega-3 fatty acid.

Speculations about Mona Lisa

In January 2010, Dr Vito Franco, professor of pathological anatomy at Palermo University, published research in an article in La Stampa newspaper and at a medical conference in Florence which suggested that Mona Lisa showed clear signs of a build-up of fatty acids under the skin, caused by too much cholesterol.

Toxic oil syndrome

None of the in vivo or in vitro studies performed with toxic-oil-specific components, such as fatty acid anilides and esters of PAP, have provided evidence that these markers are causally involved in the pathogenesis of TOS.

Transformer oil

Pentaerythritol tetra fatty acid natural and synthetic esters have emerged as an increasingly common mineral oil alternative.


see also

Butyrophilin

BTN2A2 - Involved in lipid, fatty-acid and sterol metabolism

Factice

Cross-linking the fatty-acid chains with sulfur (brown factice) or Fatty acid synthase

Metabolism and homeostasis of fatty acid synthase is transcriptionally regulated by Upstream Stimulatory Factors (USF1 and USF2) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in response to feeding/insulin in living animals.