X-Nico

unusual facts about oxidation



Atherosclerosis

A complex set of biochemical reactions regulates the oxidation of LDL, involving enzymes (such as Lp-LpA2) and free radicals in the endothelium.

Bernhard Witkop

During those years, Dr. Witkop – along with his recruit, the late Dr. John Daly, and others – discovered the NIH shift, a term describing the movement of hydrogen, deuterium or tritium to adjacent carbons on aromatic rings during oxidation, a process key in developing many therapies.

Biomachining

Certain bacteria, such as Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus thiooxidans, which are also used in the mineral refinement process of bioleaching, utilize the chemical energy from oxidation of iron or copper to fix carbon dioxide from the air.

Calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate

The latter is a leucine metabolite produced in the body through oxidation of the ketoacid of leucine (ketoisocaproate, KIC).

Chemical oxidation

Redox reactions, which involving oxidation and reduction of chemicals

Cloud condensation nuclei

The particles may be composed of dust or clay, soot or black carbon from grassland or forest fires, sea salt from ocean wave spray, soot from factory smokestacks or internal combustion engines, sulfate from volcanic activity, phytoplankton or the oxidation of sulfur dioxide and secondary organic matter formed by the oxidation of VOCs.

Conductive polymer

Polyaniline was first described in the mid-19th century by Henry Letheby, who investigated the electrochemical and chemical oxidation products of aniline in acidic media.

FMO5

Flavin-containing monooxygenases are NADPH-dependent flavoenzymes that catalyzes the oxidation of soft nucleophilic heteroatom centers in drugs, pesticides, and xenobiotics.

Gallium trichloride

The low oxidation state of Ga in Ga(III)Cl3, along with the low electronegativity and high polarisability, allow Ga(III)Cl3 to behave as a "Soft Acid" in terms of the HSAB theory.

Opus 100

Excerpt from The Kinetics of the Reaction Inactivation of Tyrosinase during its Catalysis of the Aerobic Oxidation of Catechol

Organic semiconductor

In 1862, Henry Letheby obtained a partly conductive material by anodic oxidation of aniline in sulfuric acid.

Oxidation state

Unusual formal oxidation states of metals are important in biochemical processes, the notable ones being Fe(IV) and Fe(V) in Cytochrome P450-containing systems.

Oxygen demand

Theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD), the calculated amount of oxygen required to oxidize a compound to its final oxidation products

Parikh–Doering oxidation

The Parikh–Doering oxidation is an oxidation reaction that transforms primary and secondary alcohols into aldehydes and ketones, respectively.

Paul Felix Schmidt

After this, he and his wife Eva moved to Bell Telephone Laboratories, Allentown, Pennsylvania, where he made contributions to electrochemistry and anodic oxidation of silicon, was expert in neutron activation analysis, and published many papers, till his retirement in 1982.

Phytanic acid

Individuals with adult Refsum disease, an autosomal recessive neurological disorder caused by mutations in the PHYH gene, have impaired α-oxidation activity and accumulate large stores of phytanic acid in their blood and tissues.

Rancid

Rancidification, the oxidation of fats, fatty acids, and edible oils

Shell-Paques process

The controlled partial oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur (2) is catalyzed by naturally occurring microorganisms of the genus Halothiobacillus in the bioreactor.

Streeter–Phelps equation

In 1925, a study on the phenomena of oxidation and reaeration in the Ohio River in the US was published by the sanitary engineer, Harold Warner Streeter and the consultant, Earle Bernard Phelps (1876–1953).

Swern oxidation

The Swern oxidation, named after Daniel Swern, is a chemical reaction whereby a primary or secondary alcohol is oxidized to an aldehyde or ketone using oxalyl chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and an organic base, such as triethylamine.

Terpyridine

Terpyridine complexes, like other polypyridine complexes, exhibit characteristic optical and electrochemical properties: metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) in the visible region, reversible reduction and oxidation, and fairly intense luminescence.

Thallic

Thallic compound, a compound which contains thallium in the +3 oxidation state

Thermal oxidation

Thermal oxidation of any variety produces a higher-quality oxide, with a much cleaner interface, than chemical vapor deposition of oxide resulting in Low Temperature Oxide layer (reaction of TEOS at about 600 °C).

ZGB

The Ziff–Gulari–Barshad model, model in chemical physics for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide


see also