The Bōsō Peninsula is defined by the Pacific Ocean to its east and south, Tokyo Bay to the west, and the Edo and Tone rivers to the north.
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Although its epicentre lay just offshore near Chōshi city, the earthquake produced considerable shaking inland through much of the Bōsō Peninsula and lower Ibaraki Prefecture.
In 1922, the Railway Construction Act was amended by the Diet, and a new rail line connecting Kisarazu Station to Ōhara Station via Kururi and Ōtaki, to transect the Bōsō Peninsula, appeared on the list.
Plans for a railroad bisecting the Bōsō Peninsula were drafted by the Railway Ministry in the Meiji period, with the aim of connecting the town of Kominato (now part of Kamogawa City), a town facing the Pacific and famous as the birthplace of Nichiren, for economic and military reasons.
The Kihara Line from Ōhara Station on the Sotobō Line was extended to Kazusa-Nakano Station, and it was planned that Kururi Line and Kihara Line would be connected to form a single route across the Bōsō Peninsula (which would have been named the Kihara Line).