Second place was awarded to the University of Akron from Akron, Ohio (Sharp) with their design of a through-the-road parallel hybrid with a 1.9 L Volkswagen TDI engine running on biodiesel (B-20), a Siemens 21 kW ACI motor, and a Johnson Controls 165 V battery pack (Challenge X c).
#Approximately 1/4 teaspoonful (4.9 ml) per gallon (3.8 l) (1/3072) of Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED)-based laundry booster (concentrations of TAED vary).
Litre | litre | 1 Litre of Tears |
The championship was won by Peter Doulman, driving a 2.0 litre version of his old Group A BMW M3 (the car was an ex-JPS Team BMW and Mobil 1 Racing team car).
For 5.0 litre class, the class later to become known as V8 Supercar, it consisted of V8 Ford Falcons and Holden Commodores.
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For 2.0 litre class, the class later to become known as Supertouring, it consisted of BMW 318i, Hyundai Lantra, Peugeot 405, Toyota Carina, Toyota Corolla, a modified DTM Mercedes-Benz 190E and older modified Group A BMW M3s and Ford Sierras.
This had a 2.3 litre engine and a single-seater racing version of the Spider was driven to victory by Tazio Nuvolari at the Targa Florio race in Sicily in 1931 and 1932.
The new 312 (3-litre, 12 cylindres) and 316 (3-litre, 16 cylindres) were entered, but they got engine trouble during practice and Clemente Biondetti took the start at the wheel of the 308 held in reserve.
The Alfa Romeo Tipo 312, 312 or 12C-312 was a 3-litre formula racing car that was used in the 1938 Grand Prix season; drivers were Raymond Sommer, Giuseppe Farina, Eugenio Siena, Clemente Biondetti, Carlo Pintacuda, Jean-Pierre Wimille, Gianfranco Comotti, Piero Taruffi and Pietro Ghersi.
AUSCAR's were also restricted to running 5.0 litre Holden and Ford V8 engines.
In March 1930, during the Blue Train Races, Woolf Barnato raised the stakes on Rover and its Rover Light Six having raced and beat Le Train Bleu for the first time, to better that record with his 6½ Litre Bentley Speed Six on a bet of GBP100.
The 328 was introduced at the Eifelrennen race at the Nurburgring in 1936, where Ernst Henne drove it to win the 2.0 litre class.
Other approaches included the Ford Courier and Mazda B-Series utilities utilising Mitsubishi's 2.6-litre Astron four-cylinder engine, and a proposal to replace Mitsubishi's locally built Colt with a rebadged Toyota Corolla.
In his later years he was infamous for his scandalous outbursts: he boasted in a TVE interview with Mercedes Milá about his capability to absorb a litre of water via his anus, offering to demonstrate.
Sports 1600 gave way to "K Sports" with a Rover K-series engine and the 16-valve two-litre Vauxhall temporarily replaced the 1700 cc Crossflow unit in 1993 for the short-lived rear-engined Supersports category.
In China it is known by two ways: one of them as under the badge as Zotye 2008 and 5008 propelled with a 1.5-litre engine provided by Mitsubishi (first series body); as an unauthorized copy of the car, which caused some controversy, and the FAW badged it as the Huali Terios.
It had a fibreglass body, four-wheel Girling disc brakes, and a 2.5-litre Hemi-head V8 engine designed by Edward Turner.
This mark introduced the more powerful Merlin XXX engine while the airframe was also engineered with several enhancements including provision for a 60 gallon (273 litre) centre-line drop tank, and provision to carry a 250 lb (114 kg) or 500 lb (227 kg) bomb in lieu of the drop tank.
2002–2006: Ferrari 575M Maranello, an updated 550 Maranello with a bigger 5.7 litre engine, and some minor styling tweaks.
A new arrival is the Belgian D-Motor LF26, a compact 2.7-litre flat-four aero-engine that has direct drive to a propeller, rather than a reduction gearbox.
The C100 was built by Ford Motor Company in 1981, and initially featured a 4-litre Cosworth DFL V8 engine, which was replaced by a 3.3-litre version of the same engine in 1983, after the car had passed to private hands.
Ford currently produces a 1.0-litre turbocharged In-Line three cylinder engine for the EcoBoost family developed at Ford's Dunton Technical Centre in the UK.
All three were powered by a unique version of Ford's 5.4-litre Modular V8, with DOHC 4-valve cylinder heads from the Mustang Cobra R engine.
In February 1963, the car, having been fitted with a 2.5-litre Coventry Climax engine, was driven by Graham Hill in the Australian Grand Prix at Warwick Farm and the Lakeside International at Lakeside, placing sixth and second respectively.
The large engine bay helps accommodate most engines, including 2.0-litre Cosworth, BMW straight six and Rover V8.
161-cubic-inch (2.6-litre) and 186-cubic-inch (3.0-litre) inline six-cylinder engines were carried over from the HR series; however, a 307-cubic-inch (5.0-litre) Chevrolet V8 was now offered as an option on all models, this being the first time that any Holden had been available with a V8 engine.
A 3.3-litre inline six-cylinder engine was available, as were 4.2-litre and 5.0-litre V8s.
Along with Holden's V8 Commodore-based AWD vehicles, the HSV Avalanche series was discontinued in late 2005 due to phasing out of the 5.7 litre LS1 engines because of the Euro III emissions regulations.
A few years later, Gran-Turismo Jaguar from Cleveland Ohio campaigned a 4.2-litre six-cylinder FHC racer in SCCA production series, and in 1980 won the National Championship in the SCCA C-Production Class, defeating a fully funded factory Nissan Z-car team with Paul Newman.
The Jaguar Mark I gained a certain notoriety when on 22 January 1959 former motor racing world champion Mike Hawthorn died in an accident involving his own highly-tuned 3.4-litre, VDU 881, on the A31 Hog's Back road near Guildford in Surrey, England.
Weighing 900 kg, and powered by a 7 L 60 degree SOHC V12 developing 730 hp / 545 kW @ 7000 rpm, and 579 ft.-lb. / 785 N·m @ 5500 rpm, the XJR-12 could hit 368 km/h / 229 mph.
Jensen used their own powerful version of the Austin DS5 4 litre straight-six engine (featuring triple SU carburetors, a high compression Weslake head with custom-made twin exhaust manifolds and an alloy baffled sump/oil cooler) in the 541S.
He was relieved of his managerial duties at Prečko Zagreb at the beginning of April 2013 due to an incident in which he apparently stole a player's credit card and used it to buy 36 one-litre bottles of Jägermeister.
One was the 3.5-litre to be used in Maserati 350S, the other to be used in the 450S, had a 4.478-litre short-stroke V8 engine with
Fitted with a 1.9-litre version of the BRM Formula One V8 engine, four cars were built, but were mostly used as developmental cars.
The Wildcat has a variety of engine choices, but the standard fit is a 4.5 litre Melling V8; a modern, redeveloped version of the AJP8 used in the TVR Cerbera.
The Ascona took its name from the lakeside resort of that name in Ticino, Switzerland, and already in the 1950s a special edition of the Opel Rekord P1 was sold as an Opel Ascona in Switzerland, where the name was again used in 1968 for a locally adapted version of the Opel Kadett B into which the manufacturers had persuaded a 1.7-litre engine borrowed from the larger Rekord model of the time.
Built at its Barajas plant, the Troner featured the all-new Cabtec cab developed jointly with DAF Trucks, Pegaso's own 12 litre straight six engine, and 16 speed ZF gearbox.
Furthermore, on September 25, 1953, in Jabbeke (Belgium), a Z-102 Touring BS/2.8 (the old Barchetta used at Le Mans, 2.8 litre single supercharger), driven by Celso Fernández, broke four official R.A.C.B. (Royal Automobile Club de Belgique) worldwide records (fastest of them, 243.079 km/h (= 151.042 mph) average in the flying-start kilometer), previously owned by a Jaguar XK120.
The Peugeot Type 183 was a 2 litre six cylinder car produced between 1927 and 1931 by the French auto-maker Peugeot at their Audincourt plant.
The 3.4 litre 90-degree V8 racing engine was designed from scratch as was the six-speed electro-pneumatic sequential gearbox.
In 1972, after an agreement was reached with Elf, François Castaing, technical director of Renault Gordini, was given the go-ahead to build a 2-litre engine that could be used in a "sports" model and then in Formula 2.
The first Rennmax chassis, built for Noel Hall in 1962, utilised numerous components from Hall's Cooper, including a 2.2 litre Coventry Climax engine.
SEAT Sport in the next two seasons reaffirmed its domination, winning two consecutive 2-litre WRC championship titles in 1997 and 1998, with drivers Harri Rovanperä, Oriol Gómez, Toni Gardemeister, Jörgen Jonasson and Gwyndaf Evans.
In addition, Spiess has worked on many different engines with motor racing applications, including a 4.0 litre V8 for use in the DTM Opel Vectra.
In 1952 he bought a Ferrari in which he finished 6th place overall and first in the 3-litre class in the Targa Florio and in 1953 he won his class at Roubaix and Bressuire in a 2-litre Maserati.
Among airplane passengers, tomato juice has an increased popularity, e.g. Lufthansa sold more than 1.7 million litres of tomato juice in 2008 - more than beer (at 1.65 million litre).
In 1976 Broadspeed only ran one Dolomite Sprint in British Saloon Car Championship, with Rouse finishing second in the two litre class.
All these Glorias, apart from the final two models (1.5-Litre Saloon and Fourteen (1767 cc) Six-Light Saloon of 1937-1938) were powered by 1087 or 1232 cc four-cylinder or 1467 or 1991 cc six-cylinder Coventry Climax overhead inlet and side exhaust valve designed engines (modified and built under licence by Triumph).
It was powered by three 27-litre Liberty aero-engines, for a total of 36 cylinders, 81 litre displacement and a claimed 1500 bhp.