X-Nico

41 unusual facts about Ottoman Empire


10 cent euro coin

Feraios was an eminent figure of Greek Enlightenment and was he first victim of the uprising against the Ottoman Empire.

3rd government of Turkey

Previously, he was a minister in an Ottoman Empire government and prime minister in pre-Republican Turkey (1923).

Augustus, Elector of Saxony

In 1576 he opposed the proposal of the Protestant princes to make a grant for the War against the Ottoman Empire conditional upon the abolition of the clause concerning ecclesiastical reservation, and he continued to support the Habsburgs.

Banu Rashid

They entered into sporadic alliance with Spain, when faced with the threat of Ottoman expansion.

Barrio Patronato

In early 20th century there was a massive influx of Christian Palestinians and Lebanse fleeing the Ottoman Empire due to religious prosecution, and later the economic situation and the outbreak of World War I.

Beylerbeylik

A beylerbeylik was a large administrative entity within the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia during the 15th-18th centuries.

Bourganeuf

Prince Cem Sultan, pretender to the throne of the Ottoman Empire, was kept prisoner here in the fifteenth century.

Christian tattooing in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Croats would tattoo their children in order to save them from Turks who kidnapped them in Ottoman Bosnia, while Croatian women were tattooed in hopes of protecting themselves from being taken away by Turkish men into captivity.

Cinema of Syria

Eight years later, the Ottoman administration established the first film theater, in Damascus.

Claudio Husaín

In Argentina the Arabs are usually mistakenly called Turks since they came to Argentina with Ottoman documents in the 1900s.

Courtney's and Steel's Post Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery

The campaign lasted eight months and was fought by British Empire and French forces against the Ottoman Empire in an attempt to force Turkey out of the war and to open a supply route to Russia through the Dardanelles and the Black Sea.

Daniel Decker

Named after the city where one of the first massacres of the Armenian people took place, “Adana” tells the story of the Armenian Genocide, during which soldiers of the Ottoman Empire forced 1.5 million Armenians into starvation, torture and extermination because they would not renounce their Christian faith.

Douglas Haskell

The son of American missionaries, Haskell was born in the Ottoman Empire, in the Balkan city of Monastir, now Bitola in the Republic of Macedonia.

Dresden Castle

It displays more than 600 objects of art from the Ottoman Empire, making it one of the oldest and most significant collections outside Turkey.

Epiphone

Epiphone started in 1873, in Smyrna, Ottoman Empire (now İzmir, Turkey), where Greek founder Anastasios Stathopoulos made his own fiddles and lutes (oud, laouto).

Fathers of the Holy Sepulchre

He conferred numerous benefactions on St. Saviour's, and induced the Turks to remove the stable which obstructed the light and air of the little monastery of the Holy Sepulchre.

Henry Joy Fynes-Clinton

On 6 January 1920, Fynes-Clinton issued a leaflet to all churches and chapels in England in support of Armenians, Syrians and other Christians of the Ottoman Empire.

Hermeticism

He conducted his investigations under the protection of the Byzantine podestà during the period of the joint Byzantine and Italian podestà and before the capture of Constantinople by Ottoman Turks in 1453.

History of Benghazi

It was in 1578 that the Turks invaded Benghazi and it was ruled from Tripoli by the Karamanlis from 1711 to 1835, then it passed under direct Ottoman rule until 1911.

Hrovača

Like similar names (e.g., Hrvatini and Hrobači, a hamlet of Dobravlje), it originally referred to medieval Croatian resettlement from the south connected with Ottoman occupation of the central Balkans.

Illés Relief

The scale model reflects the city under the later stages of Ottoman rule.

İsmail Bilen

İsmail Bilen (1902 in Çinçiva village, Vija, Ottoman Empire – November 18, 1983 in East Berlin, GDR) was a Turkish politician.

Karl Krumbacher

Krumbacher's extensive travels in Greece and the Ottoman Empire became the basis of his Griechische Reise (1886).

Legend of Saint Ursula

The banners over the tower, red-white with three golden crowns, are those of the Ottoman sultan Mehmet II, the main Venetian enemy during Carpaccio's life.

Leslie Davis

The mass deportations ordered by the Turks, in which hundreds of thousands of Armenians were crammed into freight cars and shipped hundreds of miles to die in the desert or at the hands of killing squads, were far worse than a straightforward massacre, he wrote.

Levantine cuisine

This region shared many culinary traditions under the Ottoman Empire which continue to be influential today.

Liberalism in Turkey

Although liberalism played a minimal role in the modernization of the Ottoman Empire, the liberal movement was restricted with force by the Committee of Union and Progress and its successor the Republican People's Party after World War I.

London Protocol

In return, the British agreed to remain neutral in any conflict between the Ottoman Empire and Russia.

Moldavian Bull's Heads

Aside from the economic advantage derived from simplifying communications, the stamps and the symbol they used were a political statement against the Ottoman Empire that still exercised suzerainty over the principality.

Osmanoğlu family

There were thirty six Ottoman Sultans who ruled over the Empire, and each one was a direct descendant through the male line of the first Ottoman Sultan, Sultan Osman I.

Ouchy

On 18 October 1912, the First Treaty of Lausanne was signed in Ouchy between Italy and the Ottoman Empire, concluding the Italo-Turkish War.

Panoutsos Notaras

His family, the Notarades, were among the six most prominent Greek Orthodox families of the Peloponnese during the late Ottoman rule, and occupied high-ranking offices in the provincial administration.

Piana degli Albanesi

The inhabitants are the descendants of Albanian families, including nobles and relatives of Skanderbeg, that settled in Southern Italy during the Ottoman Turkish conquest of the Balkans.

In 1482-1485, after several attacks from the Ottoman Empire, the Orthodox Christian Albanians were forced to the Adriatic coast where they hired ships from Republic of Venice and escaped by sailing managed to advance up to reach Sicily.

Rio Claro, São Paulo

Starting in the 19th century, Rio Claro attracted large numbers of immigrants from European countries, especially from Germany, Switzerland and Italy, but also from Spain, Portugal, some Eastern European countries, and a substantial community of Christian Arabs from the then Ottoman Empire (mostly Syrian and Lebanese).

Ryszard Wincenty Berwiński

Ryszard Wincenty Berwiński (28 February 1817 in Polwica, Poznań, Prussia – 19 November 1879 in Constantinople, then part of the Ottoman Empire) was a noted Polish poet, translator, folklorist, and nationalist.

Siege of Krujë

The Siege of Krujë refers to four attempts of the Ottoman Empire to capture Krujë in Albania during the 15th century.

Štanjel

The town walls that surround most of the village were also built in the 15th century to protect the settlement from the Ottoman raids.

Theodor Wiegand

From 1899 till 1911 he worked for the museums of Berlin as a Foreign Director in Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, and was the science attaché of the German Embassy there.

United States foreign policy in the Middle East

Moreover, in comparison to European powers such as Britain and France which had managed to colonize almost all of the Middle East region after defeating the Ottoman Empire in 1918, the United States was "popular and respected throughout the Middle East".

Usman

Ottoman Empire, also known as Osmanli, Empire of Osman (modern-day Turkey)


Abu Bakr Effendi

Sheikh Abu Bakr Effendi (1814–1880) was an Osmanli qadi who was sent in 1862 by the Ottoman sultan Abdülmecid I at the request of the British Queen Victoria to the Cape of Good Hope, in order to teach and assist the Muslim community of the Cape Malays.

Aleksandar Protogerov

Alexandar Protogerov (1867 Ohrid, Ottoman Empire, today Republic of Macedonia - 1928, Sofia) was a Bulgarian general, politician and revolutionary as well as a member of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia, Thrace and Pomoravlje.

Anna Balakian

Anna Balakian (14 July 1915 in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (now Istanbul, Turkey) – 12 August 1997 in New York City, United States), former chair of the Department of Comparative Literature at New York University, was internationally recognized as an authority on symbolism and surrealism.

Aptera, Greece

The hilltop, about 150 metres above the sea, commands views of Souda Bay and the Akrotiri Peninsula to the north, the Lefka Ori (White Mountains) to the south, and Kalives and the Turkish Itzendin Castle to the east; the city of Chania is not quite visible to the west.

Bankalar Caddesi

Bankalar Caddesi (English: Banks Street), alternatively known as the Voyvoda Caddesi (English: Voivode Street), located in the historic Galata quarter (present-day Karaköy) within the district of Beyoğlu (historic Pera) in Istanbul, Turkey, was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire.

Battle of Sorovich

While advancing however, the division was caught at unawares near Banitsa (modern Vevi) by an attack of the Ottoman VI Corps (part of the Vardar Army with the 16th, 17th and 18th Nizamiye divisions), which was retreating following the battle of Prilep with the Serbs.

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

As Bulgaria was part of the Ottoman Empire, Bulgarian émigrés founded the Bulgarian Literary Society on 26 September 1869, in Brăila in the Kingdom of Romania.

Coat of arms of Albania

The bottom part bears a copper strip adorned with a monogram separated by rosettes * IN * PE * RA * TO * RE BT *, which means: Jhezus Nazarenus * Principi Emathie * Regi Albaniae * Terrori Osmanorum * Regi Epirotarum * Benedictat Te (Jesus Nazarene Blesses Thee Skanderbeg, Prince of Mat, King of Albania, Terror of the Ottomans, King of Epirus).

Colorado Ranger

The original foundation ancestors of the Colorado Ranger were two stallions brought to the United States and given to US president Ulysses S. Grant by the Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid II in 1878.

Darda, Croatia

Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi in 1663 described Darda as an important market place with a strong fortress with towers.

Diego Duque de Estrada

Duque de Estrada saw a good deal of fighting both with the Turks and the Venetians; but he is mainly interesting because he was employed by the viceroy in the conspiracy against Venice.

Dimitrios Tomprof

Tomprof, of Smyrna in the Ottoman Empire, placed either fourth or fifth in his preliminary heat of the 800 metres, though records do not indicate whether he was ahead or behind countryman Angelos Fetsis.

Duchy of Racha

The rival noble clans, especially Tsulukidze and Tsereteli, attempted to counter the move by invoking a force of Ottoman and Dagestan mercenaries, only to be routed by the royal army in 1786.

Erlet Shaqe

After fall of Pashalik of Yanina his relatives and family moved to Vithkuq and Lubonja,where they had land properties.In 1900 the revolution against Ottoman Empire to gain Independence for all the land of Epirus and Albania was decisive for all the people who lived in this part of Balkan during this time.

Fountain of Qasim Pasha

The fountain was built by Qasim Pasha, the Ottoman governor of Jerusalem in 1527 during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, making the first public structure to be built on the Haram al-Sharif/ Al-Aqsa Mosque by the Ottomans.

Gracia Mendes Nasi

Once in Antwerp, Dona Gracia and her staff gave them instructions and the money to travel by cart and foot over the Alps to the great port city of Venice, where arrangements were made to transport them by ship to the Ottoman Empire Greece and Turkey in the East.

Ivan Franjo Jukić

Jukić's famous 1850 memorandum to the Porte (the government of the Ottoman Empire), titled Želje i molbe kristjanah u Bosni i Hercegovini, koje ponizno prikazuju njegovom veličanstvu sretnovladajućem sultanu Abdul-Medžidu represents the first draft of a European-inspired civic constitution in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Kafr 'Inan

It is during the rule of the Ottoman Empire over Palestine that the form Kafr ʿInān (Kafr 'Anan) first appears. The village is listed in 1596, as forming part of the nahiya (subdistrict) of Jira under the Liwa of Safad, with a population of 259.

Kargil district

At least until recently, some Kargilis, especially those of the Agha families descendants of Syed preachers who were in a direct line descent from the Prophet Muhammad, were sent to Iraq for their education.

Karl von Normann-Ehrenfels

After his father's death he succeeded him as master of his estates at Ehrenfels, but in early 1822, along with other philhellenes, he sailed to Greece to assist the Greek rebels in their uprising against the Ottoman Empire.

Kaytazzade Mehmet Nazım

In 1884, Nazım worked as an Ottoman official in the public service of the Ottoman Empire in Chios, Adana, Istanbul, Izmir, and Bursa.

Leo Kereselidze

Keresselidze led a military unit of Georgian volunteers, the Georgian Legion, which fought on the German side and was transferred to the Ottoman-Russian Caucasus front.

Limanköy, Çayeli

Mapavri was since long inhabited by the Laz community, and was part of the Roman Empire and then the Empire of Trebizond until was brought within the Ottoman Empire by Mehmet II in 1461, although this coast has always been vulnerable to invaders from across the nearby Caucasus.

Little Syria, Manhattan

The overwhelming majority of the residents were Arabic-speaking Christians, Melkite and Maronite immigrants from present-day Syria and Lebanon who settled in the area in the late 19th century, escaping religious persecution and poverty in their homelands – which were then under control of the Ottoman Empire – and answering the call of American missionaries to escape their difficulties by traveling to New York City.

Mameluke sword

Marine Corps history states that a sword of this type was presented to Marine First Lieutenant Presley O'Bannon by the Ottoman Empire viceroy, Prince Hamet, on December 8, 1805, during the First Barbary War, as a gesture of respect and praise for the Marines' actions at the Battle of Derne.

Maramureș

In the 16th century, medieval Kingdom of Hungary was invaded and destroyed by the Ottoman Empire, and area came under administration of the semi-independent Ottoman Principality of Transylvania and later (in the end of the 17th century) under administration of the Habsburg Monarchy (later known as the Austrian Empire).

Military history of Serbia

On that day, on Palm Sunday, in Takovo in 1815, prominent elders met and reached a decision to start the Second Serbian Uprising for the liberation of Serbia from the Turkish authorities.

Mircea I of Wallachia

The defeat of Sultan Beyazid I by Timur Lenk (Tamerlane) at Ankara in the summer of 1402 opened a period of anarchy in the Ottoman Empire and Mircea took advantage of it to organize together with the Hungarian king a campaign against the Turks.

Misak Torlakian

After the Russian withdrawal from the Turkish front in 1918, which allowed the Turks to advance unimpeded towards Yerevan, Torlakian joined Armenian army forces and participated with distinction in the battle of Bash Abaran, under the leadership of General Dro.

Müzeyyen Senar

Senar was born on July 16, 1918 in the village of Gököz in the Keles district of Bursa Province, in the then Ottoman Empire.

Necip Hablemitoğlu

He is survived by his wife Prof. Dr. Şengül Hablemitoglu, and daughters Kanije, and Uyvar, named after the outmost forts of the Ottoman Empire in the west and in the north.

Neyyire Neyir

In the Ottoman Empire, acting of Muslim women in movies was not allowed for reasons of religion.

Nicolae Milescu

In 1660-1664, he acted as representative of his country with its Ottoman overlord, and then as envoy to Berlin and Stockholm.

Nogais

The Kalmyks expelled the Nogais who fled to the northern Caucasian plains and to the Crimean Khanate, areas under the control of the Ottoman Empire.

Ochindol

The village contains a monument representing Ivan Vazov's character 'Grandfather Yotso', a symbol of liberation from the Ottoman Empire and the progress of independent Bulgaria.

Olive wood carving in Palestine

The art developed and became a major industry in Bethlehem and nearby towns like Beit Sahour and Beit Jala in the 16th and 17th centuries when Italian and Franciscan artisans on pilgrimage to the area — by now under the rule of the Ottomans — taught the residents how to carve.

Osmanoğlu family

The Osmanoğlu family refers to the current members of the historical House of Osman (the Ottoman dynasty) who were the sole rulers and the namesake of the Ottoman Empire from 1299 until the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1922.

Pantelleria

In 1123 Roger of Sicily took the island, and in 1311 an Aragonese fleet, under the command of Lluís de Requesens, won a considerable victory here, and his family became princes of Pantelleria until 1553, when the town was sacked by the Turks.

Pavlos Rakovitis

Born in Rakovo, Florina, Ottoman Empire (modern-day Kratero, Florina, Greece) in 1877, he grew up to be the captain of 40 strong soldiers during the Macedonian Struggle.

Raymond Eddé

Eddé was born in Alexandria, Egypt, where his father, a native of the town of Edde in the Jbeil District and an opponent of Ottoman control of Lebanon, had taken refuge after being sentenced to death for subversion.

Roger de Damas

In 1787 he went to Russia, where a large army was being prepared for the war against the Ottoman Empire, as a guest of its commander, Grigory Potemkin.

Yıldırım, Bursa

It has 66 quarters and a village called Cumalıkızık, where it is possible to examine the characteristics of Ottoman architecture.