X-Nico

6 unusual facts about Tyrosine


BmTx3

Lysine plugs deep into the channel pore and Tyrosine, as penultimate or ultimate and hydrophobic residue, turns it to fixate it, leading to a physical occlusion of the channel pore.

Cre recombinase

Tyr 324 acts as a nucleophile to form a covalent 3’-phosphotyrosine linkage to the DNA substrate.

Discovery and development of triptans

The amino acids Trp343 and Tyr346 both have electron rich π-systems in their aromatic structures.

Nirenberg and Matthaei experiment

In their experiments in late May 1961 they had narrowed down the amino acids encoded by Poly-U to Phenylalanine or Tyrosine.

Tyrosine-protein kinase BLK

The tyrosine-protein kinase BLK has been shown to interact with UBE3A.

Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK

Csk's interaction with a phosphotase ("Lyp", gene product of PTPN22) is possibly associated with the increased autoimmune diseases associated with PTPN22 mutations.


Aphthovirus

It consists of a single molecule of (+) sense RNA, with a 5' genome linked protein (VPg), which is associated to the genome via a phosphodiester bond linked to a tyrosine residue.

Axl

AXL receptor tyrosine kinase in biochemistry, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family of cell surface receptors

CagA

After translocation, CagA localises to the inner surface of the cell membrane and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation by Src family kinases (e.g. Fyn and Lyn).

CD28

The YMNM motif beginning at tyrosine 170 in particular is critical for the recruitment of SH2-domain containing proteins, especially PI3K, Grb2 and Gads.

Congenital myasthenic syndrome

This pathway consists of agrin, muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK), acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and the AChR-clustering protein rapsyn, encoded by the RAPSN gene.

DAB1

It docks to the intracellular part of the Reelin very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apoE receptor type 2 (ApoER2) and becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated following binding of Reelin to cortical neurons.

Estrogen receptor

In addition, some ER may associate with cell membranes by attachment to caveolin-1 and form complexes with G proteins, striatin, receptor tyrosine kinases (e.g., EGFR and IGF-1), and non-receptor tyrosine kinases (e.g., Src).

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Most GIST cells with wildtype (i.e. not mutated) c-kit instead have a mutation in another gene, PDGFR-α (platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha), which is a related tyrosine kinase.

Huntingtin-associated protein 1

This gene encodes a protein that interacts with huntingtin, with two cytoskeletal proteins (dynactin and pericentriolar autoantigen protein 1), and with a hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HGS).

LTK

Leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase, in biochemistry, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family of cell surface receptors

Marginal zone B-cell

In specimens where the tyrosine kinase for Pyk-2 has been knocked-out, marginal zone B-cells will fail to develop while B-1 cells will still be present.

MiR-338

miR-338 is located in an intronic region within the gene for apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase (AATK).

Ogden Bruton

The gene associated with this defect is also named after him: Btk, abbreviation for Bruton's tyrosine kinase.

Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate

In T-cells, two “downstream of tyrosine kinase” proteins DOK1 and DOK2 are proposed as PtdIns5P-binding proteins and effectors.

Protease-activated receptor

Activation of PARs also led to an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of ZAP-70 and SLP-76, two key proteins in T cell receptor (TCR) signalling.

Quizartinib

Specifically, Quizartinib selectively inhibits class III receptor tyrosine kinases, including FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R/FMS), stem cell factor receptor (SCFR/KIT), and platelet derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs).

Relaxase

This means that they use a metal ion to aid the transfer of an ester bond from the DNA phosphodiester backbone to a catalytic tyrosine side chain, resulting in a long-lived covalent phosphotyrosine intermediate that essentially unified the nicked DNA strand and the enzyme as one molecule.

TEL-JAK2

The oligomerisation domain of the TEL protein (also called ETV6) becomes juxtaposed to the tyrosine kinase domain of JAK2, and as result the TEL-JAK2 displays constitutive kinase activity.

UBB+1

UBB+1 can be truncated by yeast ubiquitin hydrolase 1 (YUH1) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L3 UCHL3 despite of the fact that the glycine at position 76 as been substituted for a tyrosine.


see also