In the conflict between the rivaling House of Hohenstaufen and the Welfs around the German throne, he originally continued his brother's support for their relative Philip of Swabia, grandnephew of King Conrad III, who had been elected King of the Romans in 1198.
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Bernhard's paternal grandparents were Margrave Engelbert III of Istria and Matilda of Sulzbach.
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In 1252, Albert and his son-in-law Meinhard were taken prisoner at Greifenburg by Duke Bernard of Carinthia and his son Bishop-elect Philip of Salzburg.
In the early 13th century, the Carinthian duke Bernhard von Spanheim established the Fons Sanctae Mariae Cistercian Abbey on the southern frontier of the March of Carniola, which he claimed against the resistance of the Patriarchs of Aquileia and the Dukes of Merania.